* Corresponding Author
Ethanolysis Pretreatment of Crude Palm Oil in High Shear Reactor
https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.81499 Hidrotunnisa Hidrotunnisa(1), Rini Yanti(2*), Chusnul Hidayat(3)
(1) Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Dr. Soeparno Street, No. 63, Grendeng, North Purwokerto 53124, Indonesia
(2) Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Flora Street, No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Flora Street, No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Crude palm oil (CPO) is characterized by high carotenoid content, dissolving in the oil system and causing a difficult extraction process. To overcome this problem, transesterification of CPO with ethanol was performed to improve the carotenoid extractability using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolysis parameters on the carotenoid and fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) content of CPO. FAEE content was quantified by thin-layer chromatography and total carotenoid content (TCC) was determined through a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Reaction time (15-150 min), catalyst concentration (0.65-3.25%), reaction temperature (3070 ℃), and stirring speed (500-2000 rpm) were determined by one factor at a time (OFAT) design. The results showed that ethanolysis time and temperature did not affect TCC along the study range, while ethanolysis time of 45 minutes and temperature of 70 ℃ increased FAEE content. Additionally, catalyst concentration of 1.95% and stirring speed at 2000 rpm increased TCC and FAEE. The best ethanolysis parameters were obtained at 45 minutes, the temperature of 50 ℃, catalyst concentration of 1.3%, and stirring speed of 2000 rpm, yielding FAEE 1358±16 ppm and TCC 99.9±0.2%. This showed that ethanolysis produced high FAEE content and improved carotenoids in the oil system.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.81499
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