Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration and Global Warming Potential of Wheat in Khorasan-Razavi province

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.28430

Surur Khorramdel(1*), Javad Shabahang(2), Raheleh Ahmadzadeh Ghavidel(3), Abdollah Mollafilabi(4)

(1) Associated Professor, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
(2) PhD in Agroecology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
(3) PhD of Agroecology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
(4) Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


In order to determine soil characteristics and above-ground and below-ground carbon sequestration potential of wheat, a systematic random sampling method was employed to select 5 samples from 50 fields situated in Khorasan-Razavi Province, Iran during 2015. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. The ash method was used to determine the carbon sequestration conversion coefficients in spikes, stems, leaves and roots. Then, greenhouse gases (such as CO2, N2O and CH4) emission were calculated using emission coefficients. The average organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, soil bulk density, pH and electrical conductivity were found to be 0.98%, 0.02%, 27.07 ppm, 341.32 ppm, 1.37 g.cm-3, 7.81 and 1.42 dS.m-1, respectively. The maximum (52.0%) and minimum (31.99%) conversion coefficients were related to spikes (seeds included) and roots, respectively. In addition, the total carbon sequestration was 8.25 t.ha-1 so that the maximum (4.28 t.ha-1) and minimum (0.35 t.ha-1) values were found in stems and roots, respectively. The total global warming potential (GWP) of wheat was recorded as 2377.86 kg CO2 –equiv. per ton of seed. The first contributing factor was nitrogen fertilizers, accounting for 1331.30 kg CO2 –equiv. per ton of seed.


Keywords


Ash method; conversion coefficient; nitrogen fertilizer; spike

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abdi, N., Maadah Arefi, H. and Zahedi Amiri, G. 2008. Estimation of carbon sequestration in Astragalus rangelands of Markazi province (case study: Malmir rangeland in Shazand region). Iranian Journal of Range Desert Research 15(2): 269-282. (in Persian with English Summary)

Barker-Reid, F., Gates, W.P., Wilson, K., Baigent, R., Galbally, I.E., Meyer, C.P., Weeks, I.A. and Eckard, R.J. 2005. Soil nitrous oxide emission from rainfed wheat in SE Australia. In: A. van Amsted (Ed.). Non-CO2 greenhouse gases (NCGG-4). Utrecht, the Netherlands: Millpress.

Bationo, A. and Buerkert, A. 2001. Soil organicc arbon management for sustainable land use in Sudano-Sahelian West Africa. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 61: 131–142.

Black, C.A. 1965. Methods of Soil Analysis. (V. I). American Society of Agronomy. 1572 pp.

Bordbar, S.K. and Mortazavi Jahromi, S.M. 2008. Carbon sequestration potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Acacia salicina Lindl. plantation in western areas of Fars province. Pajouhesh Sazandegi (70): 95-103. (in Persian with English Summary)

Bouwman, A.F. 1990. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In: A.F. Bouwman (Ed.), Soils and the greenhouse effect (pp. 61–127). Chichester: Wiley.

Braschkat, J., Patyk, A., Quirin, M., and Reinhardt, G.A. 2003. Life cycle assessment of bread production–a comparison of eight different scenarios. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Sector, October 6-8, Bygholm, Denmark. p. 9-16.

Brentrup F., Kusters J., Kuhlmann H. and Lammel J. 2004. Environmental impacts assessment of agricultural production systems using the life cycle assessment methodology, I. Theorical concept of a LCA method tailored to crop production. European Journal of Agronomy 20: 247-264.

Brentrup, F. and Palliere, C. 2008. GHG emissions and energy efficiency in European nitrogen fertiliser production and use. Proc. International Fertiliser Society, December 11, York, UK.

Busari, M.A., Kukal, S.S., Kaur, A., Bhatt, R. and Dulazi, A.A. 2015. Conservation tillage impacts on soil, crop and the environment. International Soil and Water Conservation Research 3(2): 119-129.

Campbell, C.A., Mc Conkey, B.G., Zentner, R.P., Selles, F. and Curtin, D. 1996a. Long-term effects of tillage and crop rotations on soil organic C and total N in a clay soil in southwestern Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 76: 395-401.

Campbell, C.A., Mc Conkey, B.G., Zentner, R.P., Selles, F. and Curtin, D. 1996b. Tillage and crop rotation effects on soil organic C and N in a coarse-textured Typic Haploboroll in southwestern Saskatchewan. Soil and Tillage Research 37: 3-14.

Chambers, J.C. and Brown, R.E. 1983. Methods for Vegetation Sampling and Analysis on Revegetated Mined Lands. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report. International.

Cooper, J.M., Butler, G. and Leifert, C. 2011. Life cycle analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from organic and conventional food production systems, with and without bio-energy options. NJAS Wageningen. Journal of Life Science 58: 185-192.

Cronbach, L.J. 1951. Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16(3): 297-334.

Crutzen, P.J. 1981. Atmospheric chemical processes of the oxides of nitrogen, including nitrous oxide. In: C.C. Delwiche (Ed.), Denitrification, nitrification, and atmospheric nitrous oxide (pp. 17–44). New York: Wiley.

Daudu, C.K., Muchaonyerwa, P. and Mnkeni, P.N.S. 2009. Litterbag decomposition of genetically modified maize residues and their constituent Bacillus thuringiensis protein (Cry1Ab) under field conditions in the central region of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 134: 153–158.

Duxbury, J.M., Harper, L.A. and Moiser, A.R. 1993. Contributions of agroecosystems to global climate change. (Eds. Harper, L., Duxbury, J.M., Moiser, A.R., and Rolstonj, D.S.) In: "Agroecosystems effects on radioactively important trace gases and global climate change". ASA Publications, No. 55. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 1-18.

Eckert H., Breitschuh G. and Sauerbeck D. 1999. Kriterien einer umweltverträglichen Landbewirtschaftung (KUL)-ein Verfahren zur ökologischen Bewertung von Landwirtschaftsbetrieben (Criteria of Environmentally friendly land use (KUL)—a method for the environmental evaluation of farms). Agriculture Biotechnology Research 52: 57-76. (In German)

Falloon, P.D., Smith1, P., Smith, J.U., Szabó, J., Coleman, K. and Marshall, S. 1998. Regional estimates of carbon sequestration potential: linking the Rothamsted Carbon Model to GIS databases. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27(3): 236-241.

Follett R.F., Castellanos J.Z. and Buenger E.D. 2005. Carbon dynamics and sequestration in an irrigated Vertisol in Central Mexico. Soil and Tillage Research 83: 148-158.

Forouzeh, M.R., Heshmati, G.A., Mesbah, H. and Ghanbarian, G.A. 2008. Effect of floodwater irrigation on carbon sequestration potential of Helianthemum lippii (L.) Pers., Dendrostellera lessertii Van Tiegh. and Artemisia sieberi Besser in the Gareh Bygone plain: A case study. Pajouhesh Sazandegi (78):11-19. (in Persian with English Summary)

Gao, Y.H., Lue, P., Wu, C.H. and Wang, G.X. 2007. Grazing intensity impacts on carbon sequestration in an Alpine Meadow on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. Journal Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 3(6): 642-647.

Hajabbasi, M.A. and Hemmat, A. 2000. Tillage impacts on aggregate stability and crop productivity in a clay-loam soil in central Iran. Soil and Tillage Research 59: 205-212.

Havlin, J.L., Kissel, D.E., Maddux, L.D., Claasen, M.M. and Long, J.H. 1990. Crop rotation and tillage effects on soil organic carbon and nitrogen. Soil Science Society of America Journal 54: 448–452.

Hill, M.J., Braaten, R. and McKeon, G.M. 2003. A scenario calculator for effects of grazing land management on carbon stocks in Australian rangelands. Environmental Modelling and Software 18(7): 627-644.

Hutchinson, J.J., Campbell, C.A. and Desjardins, R.L. 2007. Some perspectives on carbon sequestration in agriculture. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 142: 288–302.

Ingram, J.S.I. and Fernandez, E.C.M. 2001. Managing carbon sequestration in soils: concepts and terminology. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 87: 111-117.

Skowroñska, M., Filipek, T., 2014. Life cycle assessment of fertilizers: a review. Int. Agrophys. 28: 101-113

Yan Huimin, Cao Mingkui, Liu Jiyuan, Tao Bo, 2007. Potential and sustainability carbon sequentation with improved soil management in agricultural land of China. Agriculture, Ecosystem & Environment 121(4): 325-335.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.28430

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2704 | views : 2331

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2019 Surur Khorramdel, Javad Shabahang, Raheleh Ahmadzadeh Ghavidel, Abdollah Mollafilabi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

agriTECH has been Indexed by:

Emerging Source Citation Index Directory of Open Access Journals CABI.org Dimensions Google Scholar Sinta Garuda

agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.

website statisticsView My Stats