* Corresponding Author
Transesterifikasi In Situ Biji Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L) Menggunakan Metanol Daur Ulang dengan Bantuan Gelombang Ultrasonik
https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.11263 Mahlinda Mahlinda(1*), Meuthia Busthan(2)
(1) Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Banda Aceh, Jl. Cut Nyak Dhien No. 377 Lamteumen Timur Banda Aceh 23236
(2) Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Banda Aceh, Jl. Cut Nyak Dhien No. 377 Lamteumen Timur Banda Aceh 23236
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the use of recovered methanol for in situ transesterification reaction candlenut seed (Aleurites moluccana L) as a biodiesel bysonication. The influence of the ratio of recovered methanol to seed, catalyst concentration, reaction time and the temperature was investigated. Important properties of biodiesel such as density, viscosity and acid number were checked according to SNI 7182:2012 standards. The result showed that the maximum yield which has been obtained was 57,85% at recovered methanol to seed ratio 40:1, catalyst concentration 4%, reaction temperature 65 °C and reaction time 80 minutes. The test result of biodiesel properties showed that two parameters (density and viscosity) were conformed to SNI 7182:2012 standards, meanwhile acid value was higher than the maximum standards. In conclusion, the recovered methanol was feasible to produce biodiesel via in situ transesterification but the yield was lower if compared with the use of fresh methanol.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari penggunaan metanol daur ulang pada reaksi transesterifikasi in situ biji kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L) menjadi biodiesel menggunakan radiasi gelombang ultrasonik. Pengaruh dari rasio metanol daur ulang terhadap biji, jumlah katalis, waktu reaksi dan temperatur telah diteliti. Sifat penting dari biodiesel seperti densitas, viskositas dan bilangan asam telah diuji menurut satandar SNI 7182:2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen maksimum yang dapat diperoleh adalah 57,85% pada rasio metanol daur ulang tehadap biji 40:1, jumlah katalis 4%, temperatur reaksi 65 °C dan waktu reaksi 80 menit. Hasil pengujian sifat biodiesel menunjukkan bahwa dua paramater (densitas dan viskositas) telah memenuhi standar SNI 7182:2012, sementara bilangan asam lebih tinggi dari standar maksimum. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metanol daur ulang cocok untuk memproduksi biodiesel secara in situ transesterifikasi tetapi rendemennya lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan penggunaan metanol baru.
Kata kunci: Biodiesel; kemiri; transesterifikasi in situ; metanol daur ulang
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aunillah, A. dan Pranowo, D. (2012). Karakteristik biodiesel kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) airy shaw) menggunakan proses transesterifikasi dua tahap. Buletin RISTRI 3: 192–200.
Barnwal, B.K. dan Sharma, M.P. (2005). Prospect of biodiesel production from vegetable oil in India. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 9: 363–378.
Cameron, J.R. dan Skofronick, J.G. (1978). Medical Physics. John Wiley and Sons Inc New York, 253–287.
Canacki dan Gerpen (2001). Biodiesel production from oils and fat with high free fatty acid. Transaction of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 44: 1429–1436.
Daryono, D.E. (2013). Biodiesel dari minyak biji pepaya dengan transesterifikasi insitu. Jurnal Teknik Kimia 8: 7–11.
Demirbas, A. (2009). Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels. Energy Conversion and Management 50(1): 14–34.
Dhar, R.B. dan Kirtania, K. (2009). Excess methanol recovery in biodiesel production process using a distillation column: A simulation study. Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 13: 55–60.
Encinar, J.M., Gonzales, J.F., Pardal, A. dan Martinez, G. (2010). Transesterification of Rapeseed oil with methanol in the presence of various co-solvents. Proceeding Venice, Third International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste.
Knothe, G., Gerpen, V.J., Krahl, J. (2005). The Biodiesel Handbook. AOCS Pres. Champaing, Illinois.
Ji, J., Wang, J., Li, Y., Yu, Y. dan Xu, Z. (2006). Preparation of biodiesel with the help of ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitation. Ultrasonic 44: 411–414.
Leung, D.Y.C., Wu, X. dan Leung, M.K.H. (2010). A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification. Applied Energy 87: 1083–1095.
Lima, O.R.J., Gasparini F., Camargo, L.N., Ghani, A.Y., Silva, B.R. dan Oliveira, E.J. (2011). Indian-nut (Aleurites moluccana) and tucum (Astrocaryum vulgare), nonagricultural sources for biodiesel production using ethanol: composition, characterization and optimization of the reactional production conditions. Proceeding of World Renewable Energy Congress 109–116.
Liu, K. dan Wang, R. (2013). Biodiesel production by transesterification of duck oil with methanol in the presence of alkali catalyst. Petroleum and Coall 55: 68–72.
Ma, F. dan Hanna, M.A. (1999). Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresource Technology 70(1): 1–15.
Martini, N. dan Shell, J.S. (1998). Plant Oils as Fuels-Present State of Science and Future Development. Spinger-Berlin.
Meng, X., Chen, Y. dan Wang, Y. (2008). Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil via alkali catalyst and its engine test. Fuel Processing Technology 89: 851–857.
Miao, X. dan Wu, Q. (2006). Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalga oil. Bioresources Technology 97: 841–846.
Qian, J., Wang, F dan Liu, S. (2008). In situ alkaline transeterification of cottonseed oil for production of biodiesel and nontoxid cotton seed meal. Bioresources Technology 18: 9009–9012.
Ramachandran, K., Suganya, N., Gandhi, N.N. dan Renganathan, S. (2013). Recent developments for biodiesel production by ultrasonic assist transesterification using different heterogenous catalyst: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 22: 410–418.
Refaat, A.A. (2010). Different techniques for the production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil. International Journal of. Environmental Science and Technology 7: 183–213.
Samuel, D.O. dan Dairo, U.O. (2012). A Critical review of In-situ transesterification process for biodiesel production. The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology 13: 72–79.
Wu, P., Yang, Y., Colucci, J.A. dan Grulke, E.A. (2007). Effect of ultrasonication on droplet size in biodiesel mixture. Journal of The American Oil Chemists’ Society 84: 877–884.
Zeng, J., Wang, X., Zhao, B. dan Wang, Y. (2009). Rapid in situ transeterification of sunflower oil. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 48: 850–856.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.11263
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2959
| 
views : 3584
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Mahlinda Mahlinda, Meuthia Busthan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
agriTECH has been Indexed by:
agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.