* Corresponding Author
Pengaruh Pemberian Kopi yang Diformulasikan dengan Antioksidan dan Gula Kelapa terhadap Tekanan Darah, MDA, dan SOD Serum Tikus Obesitas
https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.50944 Hidayah Dwiyanti(1*), Retno Setyawati(2), Siswantoro Siswantoro(3), Diah Krisnansari(4)
(1) Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Soeparno, Purwokerto 53123
(2) Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Soeparno, Purwokerto 53123
(3) Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Soeparno, Purwokerto 53123
(4) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Gumbreg Purwokerto 53112
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Pengembangan kopi mix tinggi antioksidan dengan pemanis gula kelapa adalah salah satu alternatif untuk mensuplai antioksidan pada individu obese guna menekan stress oksidatif. Minyak sawit merah (MSM) yang kaya antioksidan ditambahkan dalam proses pembuatannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian minuman kopi mix gula kelapa terhadap tekanan darah, kadar SOD, dan MDA tikus obesitas. Penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 18 ekor tikus yang diinduksi menjadi obese dengan diet tinggi lemak (indeks Lee>0,3). Dibagi 3 kelompok (n=6), masing-masing mendapatkan perlakuan: (1) kopi mix gula tebu tanpa MSM = 0,45 g/200 g BB/ hari (P1); (2) kopi mix gula kelapa dengan MSM= 0,45 g/200 g BB/hari (P2); dan (3) kopi mix gula kelapa dengan MSM= 0,90 g/200 g BB/hari (P3). Intervensi dilakukan selama 2 minggu. Pengamatan terhadap perubahan berat badan, tekanan darah, kadar SOD, dan MDA serum (pre-post). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kopi mix gula kelapa dengan MSM pada tikus obese (P2 dan P3) secara nyata menurunkan tekanan darah (26,9% dan 40,6%), dan kadar MDA serum (35,3% dan 61,8%), serta menaikkan SOD serum (28,79% dan 53,66%), sebaliknya pada kelompok kopi mix gula tebu tanpa MSM terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah (2,9%) dan kadar MDA (1,9%), serta menurunkan kadar SOD (16,6%). Peningkatan berat badan pada kelompok kopi mix gula tebu non MSM secara nyata lebih tinggi (P1=7,8%), dibandingkan kelompok kopi gula kelapa dengan MSM (P2=6,7%; P3=4,4%). Kopi mix tinggi antioksidan dengan pemanis gula kelapa berpotensi sebagai pangan alternatif untuk menekan stress oksidatif pada tikus obesitas.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aasheim, E. T., Hofso, D., Hjelmesaeth, J., Birkeland, K. I., & Bohmer, T. (2008). Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87, 362–369. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.2.362 Al-Saqer, J. M., Sidhu, J. S., Al-Hooti, S. N., Al-Amiri, H. A., Al-Othman, A., Al-Haji, A., Ahmed, N., Mansour, I. B., & Minal, J. (2004). Developing functional foods using red palm olein. IV. Tocopherols and tocotrienols. Food Chemistry, 85(4), 579-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.08.003 [Anonim], Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. (2018). Statistik Perkebunan Indonesia 2017-2019. Kelapa Sawit. Sekretariat Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. Kementrian Pertanian, Indonesia. [Anonim], Kementrian Kesehatan. (2014). Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Aziz, A. A. (2006). Development of HPLC analysis for detection of lycopene in tomato and crude palm oil. Malaysia (M): Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources. University College of Engineering and Tecnology Malaysia. Ballesteros, L. F., Teixeira, J. A. & Mussatto, S. I. (2014). Chemical, functional, and structural properties of spent coffee grounds and coffee silverskin. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 7(12), 3493–3503. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1349-z Belitz, H. D., Grosch, W., & Schieberle, P. (2009). Coffee, tea, cocoa. In H.-D. Belitz, W. Grosch, & P. Schieberle (Eds.), Food Chemistry (4th ed., pp. 938–951). Leipzig: Springer. Benade, A. J. S. (2013). Red palm oil carotenoids. Potential role in disease prevention. In: Watson RA, Preedy VR, editor. Bioactive Food as Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease. Elsevier. London. p: 333-343. Bester, D., Esterhuyse, A. J., Truter, E. J., & van Royen, J. (2010). Cardiovascular effects of edible oil: a comparison between four popular edible oils. Nut Res Rev., 23, 334–348. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422410000223 Boekema, P. J., Samsom, M., van Berge, H. G. P., & Smout, A. J. P. M. (2009). Coffee and gastrointestinal function: facts and fiction: A review. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 34(230), 35–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/003655299750025525 Briones, A. M. & Touyz, R. M. (2010). Oxidative stress and hypertension:current concepts. Curr Hypertens Rep., 12, 135–142. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-010-0100-z Budi, A. R., Kadri, H., & Asri, A. (2019). Perbedaan kadar malondialdehid pada dewasa muda obes dan non–obes di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 2019 8(suplemen2), 21–25. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8i2S.954 Campos, K. E., Volpato, G. T., Calderon, I. M. P, Rudge, M. V. C., & Damasceno, D. C. (2008). Effect of obesity on rat reproduction and on the development of their adult offspring. Braz J. Med. Biol. Res., 41(2), 122–5. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2008005000001 Chatziralli, I. P., Theodossiadis, G., Dimitriadis, P., Charalambidis, M., Agorastos, A., Migkos, Z., Platogiannis, N., Moschos, M. M., Theodossiadis, P., & Keryttopoulos, P. (2017). The Effect of vitamin E on oxidative stress indicated by serum malondialdehyde in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with retinopathy. The Open Ophthalmology Journal, 11, 51-58. http:doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010051 Chu, Y. F. (2016). Coffee: Emerging Health Effects and Disease Prevention. Vol. 59, John Wiley & Sons. Chun, O. K., Kim, D. O. & Lee, C. Y. (2003). Superoxide radical scavenging activity of the mayor polyphenols in fresh plums. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(27), 8067–8072. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034740d Dam, R. M. v. & Seidell, J. C. (2007). Carbohydrate intake and obesity. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61, S75–S99. Dianti, R. R., Rusdi. R., & Evriyani D. (2016). Kadar malondialdehid dan aktivitas enzim superoksida dismutase pada hipertensi dan normotensi. BIOMA, 12(1), 50–53. https://doi.org/10.21009/Bioma12(1).6 Dorea, J., & Da Costa, T. (2005). Is coffee a functional food? The British Journal of Nutrition, 93(6), 773–782. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051370 Dwiyanti, H., Prihananto, V. & Aini, N. (2005). Vitamin A fortified brown sugar. 9th Asian Food Conference. Emerging Science and Technology in The Development of Food Industry in The Asean. Jakarta: 8-10 August 2005. Dwiyanti, H. (2006). Penerapan Teknologi Fortifikasi Vitamin A pada Masyarakat Perajin Gula Kelapa. Laporan Penelitian. Lembaga Penelitian Unsoed, Purwokerto. Dwiyanti, H., Riyadi, H., Rimbawan, Damayanthi, E., Sulaeman, A. & Handharyani, E. (2013). Effect of feeding palm sugars enriched with red palm oil on liver retinol and IgG concentration of vitamin A depletion rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 12(12), 1042–1049. http://doi.org/0.3923/pjn.2013.1042.1049 Dwiyanti, H., Riyadi, H., Rimbawan, Damayanthi, E., & Sulaeman, A. (2014). Penambahan CPO dan RPO sebagai sumber provitamin A terhadap retensi karoten, sifat fisik dan penerimaan gula kelapa. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 24(1), 28–33. Dwiyanti, H., Riyadi, H, Rimbawan, Damayanthi, E., Sulaeman, A. & Handharyani, E. (2013). Efek pemberian gula kelapa yang diperkaya minyak sawit merah terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan kadar retinol serum tikus defisien vitamin A. Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan, 36(1), 73–81. Dwiyanti, H., Prihananto, V., & Setyawati, R. (2015). Red palm oil in the supplementary feeding for elementary school children increases the retinol serum and nutritional status. International Conference Food, Agriculture and Natural Resourches. Jember: August 31st – September 2nd. Elmatris, S., Yustini A., & Almurdi (2010). Efek pemberian vitamin E terhadap penurunan kadar malondialdehid (MDA) hati mencit strain jepang akibat paparan minyak goreng berulang. Jurnal Riset Kimia, 4(1), 15–19. Inoue, S., & Zimmet, P. (2000). The Asia-Pacific prespective: Redifining obesity and its treatment. Asian-Pacific Journal, 7, 1–12. Harsa, I. M.S. (2014). Efek pemberian diet tinggi lemak terhadap profil lemak darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran, 3(1), 21–28. Jain, A. B., & Jain, V. A. (2012). Vitamin E, its beneficial role in diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 6(10), 1624–1628. http:doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2012/4791.2625 Kementerian Pertanian. (2016). Outlook Kopi. Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Perkebunan. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian Sekretariat Jenderal Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta. Manning, P. J., Sutherland, W. H. F., Walker, R. J., Williams, S. M., De Jong, S. A., Ryalls, A. R. & Berry, E. A. (2004). Effect of high-dose vitamin E on insulin resistance and associated parameters in overweight subjects. Diabetes Care, 27, 2166–2171. http:doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.9.2166 Matsuda, M. & Shimomura, I. (2013). Increased oxidative stress in obesity: Implications for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 7(5), e330–e341. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2013.05.004 Monente, C., Bravo, J., Vitas, A. I., Arbillaga, L., De Pena, M. P., & Cid, C. (2015). Coffee and spent coffee extracts protect against cell mutagens and inhibit growth of food-borne pathogen microorganisms. Journal of Functional Food, 12, 365–374. Montonen, J., Knekt, P., Järvinen, R., & Reunanen, A. (2004). Dietary antioxidant intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 27(2), 362–366. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.2.362 Mussatto, S. I., Ercília M. S. M., Martins, S., & Teixeira, J.A. (2011) Production, composition, and application of coffee and its industrial residues. Food Bioprocess Technol., 4, 661–672. Nusa, C. P. & Rimbawan. (2017). Indeks Glikemik Gula Kelapa Cetak, Kristal dan Cair. [Skripsi, Institut Pertanian Bogor]. IPB University Scientific Repository. http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/85504 Rahman, T., Hosen, I., Islam, M. M. T., & Shekhar, H. U. (2012). Oxidative stress and human health. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 3, 997–1019. http://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2012.327123 Sánchez, N. F. S., Coronado, R. S., Cañongo, C. V. & Carlos, B. H. (2019). Antioxidant compounds and their antioxidant mechanism. Open access peer-reviewed chapter from the edited volume Antioxidants, edited by Emad Shalaby. Singh, U., Devara, J. S., & Jialal, I. (2005). Vitamin E, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Annu Rev Nutr., 25, 151–174. http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132446 Wang, Y., Branicky, R., Noë, A. & Hekimi, S. (2018). Superoxide dismutases: Dual roles in controlling ROS damage and regulating ROS signaling. J. Cell Biol., 217(6), 1915–1928. http://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201708007 Youn, Y. J., Siu, K. L., Henrich, L., Itani, H., Harrison, D. G. & Cai, H. (2014). Role of vascular oxidative stress in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Diabetes, 63(7), 2344–2355. https://doi.org/10.2337/db13-0719
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.50944
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3993
| 
views : 3332
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Hidayah Wiwiek Dwiyanti, Retno Retno Setyawati, Diah Sari Krisnansari, siswantoro siswantoro siswantoro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
agriTECH has been Indexed by:
agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.