Optimasi Sintesis Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) dari Kulit Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis L. (DC)

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.42926

Yanti Nopiani(1*), Agnes Murdiati(2), Widiastuti Setyaningsih(3)

(1) Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. H. R. Soebrantas Km. 12,5, Pekanbaru, Riau
(2) Departemen Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Departemen Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Kulit koro pedang putih dapat digunakan sebagai sumber selulosa. Salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan aplikasi selulosa adalah dengan memodifikasi selulosa menjadi produk turunan selulosa yaitu Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan optimasi terhadap sintesis dan karkaterisasi HPMC dari selulosa kulit koro pedang putih. Proses optimasi didahului dengan kajian literatur untuk menentukan kisaran titik percobaan dengan variabel terikat berupa molar subtitusi (MS) dan Derajat Subtitusi (DS). Diperoleh titik percobaan dengan variasi konsentrasi NaOH (5, 22,5, dan 40%), variasi Dimetil Sulfat (DMS) (40, 80, dan 120%), dan variasi Proilen Oksida (PO) (80, 120, dan 160%). Kemudian optimasi sintesis HPMC dilakukan dengan mengunakan Box-Behnken design (BBD) lalu dianalisis menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Berikutnya HPMC dikarakterisasi meliputi molar subtitusi (MS), Derajat Subtitusi (DS), water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), lightness, rendemen, kristalinitas dan spektra FT-IR untuk mengetahui gugus fungsi HPMC. Hasil optimasi sintesis HPMC dari selulosa kulit koro pedang putih berdasakan RSM diperoleh titik optimum pada konsentrasi NaOH 23,11%, DMS 43,4% dan PO 81,8%. dengan karakterisasi kadar air 9,04% (wb); MS 0,15; DS 1,18; WHC 2,20 g/g; OHC 2,09 g/g; lightness 90,93; rendemen 114,78% dan kristalinitas 64%. Spektra FT-IR HPMC koro pedang putih terbaca pada bilangan gelombang 2924 cm-1 (CH dan CH2Streching), 1373 cm-1 (CH3Bonding), 1118 cm-1 (C-O-C), 1319 cm-1 (O-H Plane Bonding) dan 848, 68 cm-1 (C-O-C pada 1,4 β glikosidic linkage) yang merupakan ciri khas dari gugus fungsional HPMC.


Keywords


BBD; HPMC; RSM; kulit koro pedang putih

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abdel-Halim, E. S. (2014). Chemical modification of cellulose extracted from sugarcane bagasse: Preparation of hydroxyethyl cellulose. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 7(3), 362–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.05.006

AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, 15th Edn. Assosiation of Official Analytical Chemist. Washington D.C

Arumsari, T. 2017. Optimasi Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Metil Selulosa dari Kulit Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis L (DC)). Tesis FTP, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ass, B. A. P., Belgacem, M. N., & Frollini, E. (2006). Mercerized linters cellulose: Characterization and acetylation in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. Carbohydrate Polymers, 63(1), 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.06.010

Aurelia, C. 2016. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sodium Hidroksida dan Sodium Hipoklorit Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Selulosa dari Kulit Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis (L.)(DC)). Skripsi. Universitas Gadjah Mada

Bhadani, S. N., & Gray, D. G. (1983). Cellulose-Based Liquid Crystalline Polymers; Esters of (Hydroxypropyl) Cellulose. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 99(1–4), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/00268948308072026

Budtova, T., & Navard, P. (2017). Cellulose in NaOH – water based solvents : a review To cite this version : HAL Id : hal-01247093. Cellulose Springer Verlag, 23(1), 6–7.

Burdock, G. A. (2007). Safety assessment of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a food ingredient. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45(12), 2341–2351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.07.011

Carrillo-Varela, I., Pereira, M., & Mendonça, R. T. (2018). Determination of polymorphic changes in cellulose from Eucalyptus spp. fibres after alkalization. Cellulose, 25(12), 6831–6845. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-2060-4

Chau, C. F., & Cheung, P. C. K. (1998). Functional properties of flours prepared from three Chinese indigenous legume seeds. Food Chemistry, 61(4), 429–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(97)00091-5

Duchemin, B., Thuault, A., Vicente, A., Rigaud, B., Fernandez, C., & Eve, S. (2012). Ultrastructure of cellulose crystallites in flax textile fibres. Cellulose, 19(6), 1837–1854. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-012-9786-1

Foyle, T., Jennings, L., & Mulcahy, P. (2007). Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic materials: Evaluation of methods used for sugar analysis of waste paper and straw. Bioresource Technology, 98(16), 3026–3036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.013

Gilang, R., Affandi, D. R., & Ishartani, D. (2013). Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Tepung Koro Pedang ( Canavalia ensiformis ) dengan Variasi Perlakuan Pendahuluan. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan, 2(3), 34–42.

Haggag, K., El-Sayad, H. S., El-Moez, S. A., & El-Thalouth, I. A. (2014). Preparation and Characterization of Methylcellulose Derivatives from Cellulosic Wastes. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, 18(3), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/RJTA-18-03-2014-B006

Jiao, C., & Xiong, J. (2014). Accessibility and morphology of cellulose fibres treated with sodium hydroxide. BioResources, 9(4), 6504–6513. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.9.4.6504-6513

Johnson, D. P. (1969). Spectrophotometric Determination of the Hydroxypropyl Group in Starch Ethers. Analytical Chemistry, 41(6), 859–860. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60275a024

Keshani, S., Luqman Chuah, A., Nourouzi, M. M., Russly, A. R., & Jamilah, B. (2010). Optimization of concentration process on pomelo fruit juice using response surface methodology (RSM). International Food Research Journal, 17(3), 733–742.

Klemm, D., Philipp, B., Heinze, T., Heinze, U., & Wagenknecht, W. (1998). Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry: Volume I: Fundamentals and analytical Methods. In Methods: Vol. l.

Li, J., Henriksson, G., & Gellerstedt, G. (2007). Lignin depolymerization/repolymerization and its critical role for delignification of aspen wood by steam explosion. Bioresource Technology, 98(16), 3061–3068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.018

Ma’rifat, M.I. 2014. Pemanfaatan Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis) sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Tempe dengan Penambahan Konsentrasi Bahan Isi dari Jagung dan Bekatul yang Berbeda. Skripsi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Mansour, O. Y., Nagaty, A., & El‐Zawawy, W. K. (1994). Variables affecting the methylation reactions of cellulose. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 54(5), 519–524. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540501

Marseno, D. W., Haryanti, P., Adiseno, B., & Haryadi, H. (2014). Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxypropylcellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress, 13(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.22146/jifnp.112

Murdiati, A; Canti, M dan Supriyanto. 2014. Produksi Isolat Protein Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis L.) dan Kajian Sifat-sifatnya. Prosiding SNKP 2014

Nurmiah, S., Syarief, R., Sukarno, S., Peranginangin, R., & Nurmata, B. (2013). Aplikasi Response Surface Methodology Pada Optimalisasi Kondisi Proses Pengolahan Alkali Treated Cottonii (ATC). Jurnal Pascapanen Dan Bioteknologi Kelautan Dan Perikanan, 8(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v8i1.49

Oliveira, R. L., Vieira, J. G., Barud, H. S., Assunção, R. M. N., Filho, G. R., Ribeiro, S. J. L., & Messadeqq, Y. (2015). Synthesis and characterization of methylcellulose produced from bacterial cellulose under heterogeneous condition. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 26(9), 1861–1870. https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20150163

Otoni, C. G., Lorevice, M. V., Moura, M. R. d., & Mattoso, L. H. C. (2018). On the effects of hydroxyl substitution degree and molecular weight on mechanical and water barrier properties of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 185(January), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.016

Pawening, E.M. 2018. Optimasi Sintesis Hidroksipropil Selulosa dari Kulit Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis L. (DC.)). Thesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada

Rosell, C. M., Santos, E., & Collar, C. (2009). Physico-chemical properties of commercial fibres from different sources: A comparative approach. Food Research International, 42(1), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.10.003

Sakata, Y., & Yamaguchi, H. (2011). Effects of calcium salts on thermal characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 357(4), 1279–1284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.12.031

Sheng, X., Song, X., Zhu, H., Ngwenya, C. A., & Zhao, H. (2019). Effects of the inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding interactions in forming atmospheric malonic acid-containing clusters. Chemical Physics, 524(May), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.05.002

Vieira, J. G., Filho, G. R., Meireles, C. D. S., Faria, F. A. C., Gomide, D. D., Pasquini, D., Cruz, S. F. D., De Assunção, R. M. N., & Motta, L. A. D. C. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of methylcellulose from cellulose extracted from mango seeds for use as a mortar additive. Polimeros, 22(1), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282012005000011

Viera, R. G. P., Filho, G. R., de Assunção, R. M. N., Carla, C. da, Vieira, J. G., & de Oliveira, G. S. (2007). Synthesis and characterization of methylcellulose from sugar cane bagasse cellulose. Carbohydrate Polymers, 67(2), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.05.007

Vriesmann, L. C., Teófilo, R. F., & Lúcia de Oliveira Petkowicz, C. (2012). Extraction and characterization of pectin from cacao pod husks (Theobroma cacao L.) with citric acid. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 49(1), 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.04.018

Wusterberg, T. 2015. Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in The Food Industry Fundamental and Applications. Wiley-VCH GmBH & Co. Germany



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.42926

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3898 | views : 2986

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Yanti Nopiani Agnes Murdiati Widiastuti Setyaningsih

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

agriTECH has been Indexed by:

Emerging Source Citation Index Directory of Open Access Journals CABI.org Dimensions Google Scholar Sinta Garuda

agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.

website statisticsView My Stats