Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women at Primary Care Clinic

https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.97566

Dewanto Andoko(1*), Hendrik Hendrik(2), Shirley Moningkey(3), R Wianti Soeryani(4), Veli Sungono(5)

(1) Family Medicine Specialist Program; Pelita Harapan University; Indonesia
(2) Family Medicine Specialist Program; Pelita Harapan University; Indonesia
(3) Family Medicine Specialist Program; Pelita Harapan University; Indonesia
(4) Family Medicine Specialist Program; Pelita Harapan University; Indonesia
(5) Family Medicine Specialist Program; Pelita Harapan University; Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Preeclampsia is a common medical complication during pregnancy, affecting approximately 5-15% of all pregnancies. This research aims to identify factors influencing the occurrence of preeclampsia at a Primary care clinic in Bandar Selamat, Tembung, Medan, in the year 2023. Method: This study adopts a cross-sectional approach, involving pregnant women with a gestational age of ≥20 weeks who visited the primary care clinic in Bandar Selamat, Tembung, Medan, from July to December 2023. A total of 37 respondents were sampled using convenience sampling. The dependent variable was the occurrence of preeclampsia, while independent variables included age, parity, medical history, calcium supplementation, and employment history. Multivariate analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23. Result: 16.8% of the respondents experienced preeclampsia. Additionally, 21.6% were in the unhealthy reproductive age group, 72.9% were primigravida, 13.5% had a medical history, 43.2% had poor calcium supplementation, and 40.5% were employed. Multivariate analysis revealed that Age (P-value: 0.044, OR: 24.5, 95% CI: 1.082 - 556.407), Parity (P-value: 0.252, OR: 4.926, 95% CI: 0.32 - 75.4), History of Chronic Disease (P-value: 0.32, OR: 40.484, 95% CI: 1.37 - 1196.2), Calcium Supplementation (P-value: 0.167, OR: 11.582, 95% CI: 0.3 - 374.8), and Employment Status (P-value: 0.679, OR: 1.849, 95% CI: 0.1 - 33.87) are associated with preeclampsia. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between age, parity, history of chronic disease, and the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at the primary care clinic in Bandar Selamat, Tembung, Medan. History of Chronic Disease is the most influential variable (OR: 40.484).


Keywords


Age; parity; medical history; calcium; employment; preeclampsia

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Jembawan WM. Calcium levels in preeclampsia. E-Journal of Obstetric & Gynecology Udayana. 2015;4(1).
  2. Karrar SA, Hong PL. Preeclampsia. [Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570611/
  3. Gomes F, Ashorn P, Askari S, Belizan JM, Boy E, Cormick G, Dickin KL, Driller-Colangelo AR, Fawzi W, Hofmeyr GJ, Humphrey J, Khadilkar A, Mandlik R, Neufeld LM, Palacios C, Roth DE, Shlisky J, Sudfeld CR, Weaver C, Bourassa MW. Calcium supplementation for the prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: current evidence and programmatic considerations. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2022 Apr;1510(1):52-67. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14733. Epub 2022 Jan 8. PMID: 35000200; PMCID: PMC9306576.
  4. Profile of the Health Department of Medan City. 2022.
  5. Fitriani, Hemi, et al. Risk factors of preeclampsia among pregnant women in Indonesia. KnE Life Sciences. 2021;6(1):836-841. doi:10.18502/kls.v6i1.8761.
  6. Hidayati N, et al. The Relationship between Age and parity with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at Mandala Gandeng public health center. Medan Midwifery Academy. 2019.
  7. Wiknjosastro H. Obstetrics science. YBPSP. Jakarta. 2018.
  8. Utama SY. Risk factors associated with severe preeclampsia incidence in pregnant women at Raden Mattaher Jambi Regional Hospital. Batanghari Jambi University. 2015;8(2).
  9. Wulandari R, et al. Risk factors for severe preeclampsia incidence in pregnant women at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital. Faculty of Health Sciences. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2019.
  10. Camargo, E.B., Moraes, L.F.S., Souza, C.M. et al. Survey of calcium supplementation to prevent preeclampsia: the gap between evidence and practice in Brazil. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:206. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-206
  11. Purnasari G, et al. Compliance with calcium supplement supplementation and its relationship with calcium adequacy in pregnant women in Jember Regency. Reproductive Health Journal. 2020;7(2):83-93. ISSN 2087-703X.
  12. Pangemanan WT. Prevention of preeclampsia. Sriwijaya University Faculty of Medicine. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
  13. Putri FA, Puspitasari PN, Cholila NC. The correlation between employment status and parity with preeclampsia. International Journal of Midwifery Research. 2021;1(1). doi:10.47710/ijmr.v1i1.4
  14. Spadarella E, Leso V, Fontana L, Giordano A, Iavicoli I. Occupational Risk Factors and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 4;18(16):8277. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168277. PMID: 34444025; PMCID: PMC8392340.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.97566

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1171 | views : 329

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Dewanto Andoko, Hendrik Hendrik, Shirley Moningkey, R Wianti Soeryani, Veli Sungono

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


View My Stats