Gel Formulation of Lemongrass Essential Oil with HPMC and Carbopol Bases

Suryani Tambunan; Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman

doi:10.22146/farmaseutik.v14i2.42598

Gel Formulation of Lemongrass Essential Oil with HPMC and Carbopol Bases

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v14i2.42598

Suryani Tambunan⁽¹⁾, Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman^(2*)

(1) Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Laboratorium Teknologi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil is proven to have efficacy as an antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Essential oils was formulate into gel dosage forms with a base combination of HPMC and carbopol. The use of this combination is known to produce a gel with physical properties better than a single use. This research aimed to investigate the effect of variations of HPMC and carbopol to the physical properties of the gel, the concentration of HPMC and carbopol to produce the optimum formula, and the physical stability of essential oil gel of lemongrass during storage. Gel was made by lemongrass essential oil at a concentration of 6% with base of HPMC and carbopol. Each formula were made and tested the physical properties that include organoleptic, homogenity, pH, viscosity, spreadability and adhesiveness. HPMC and carbopol composition were determined through the process of screening and optimization Simplex Lattice Design methods by Design Expert 7.1.5 software. Experimental results and predictions of SLD were verified by testing one sample t-test with a 95% confidence level. The optimum formula gel of lemongrass essential oil consisting of 4.00% HPMC and 1.00% carbopol. The results test of physical properties of lemongrass essential oil gel obtained homogeneous gel with a pH value of 6.00 ± 0.00, viscosity of 280.00 ± 26.46 dPa.S, spreadability of 9.36 ± 0.47 cm², and adhesiveness of 2.36 ± 0.10 seconds. Lemongrass essential oil gel was stable for 3 cycles of testing include organoleptic, homogeneity, syneresis, pH, adhesion, and the viscosity of the gel. Spreadability of gel was not stable.

Keywords

Gel, lemongrass, HPMC, carbopol

Full Text:

PDF

References

Armstrong, N. A., and James, K. C., 1996, Pharmaceutical Experimental Design and Interpretation, Taylor and Fancis, London, 205-222. Boateng, J. S., Matthews, K. H., Steven, H. N. E., and Eccleston, G. M., 2008, Wound Healing Dressing And Drug Delivery System: A Review, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 97 (8), 2892-2917. Djajadisastra, J., Mun’im, A., dan Dessy NP., 2009, Formulasi Gel Topikal Dari Ekstrak Nerii folium dalam Sediaan Anti Jerawat, Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 4, 210-216. Donovan, M.D., and Flanagan, D.R., 1996, Bioavailability of Disperse Dosage Forms, dalam Libermann, H.A., Lachman, L., Schwartz, J.B., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Disperse System, 2nd Ed., 2, 316, Marcell Dekker Inc., New York. Draelos, Z .D., and Laurend. A. T., 2006, Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products, 234-235, Taylor and Francis Group, New York. Draganoiu, E., A Rajabi, S., S Tiwari, 2009, Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, 110-113, Pharmaceutical Press, London. Healy, B. F. A., 2006, ABC of Wound Healing: Infections, BMJ, 332, 838. Heyne, K., 1987, Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, Jilid II, 622-627, Badan Litbang Kehutanan, Jakarta. Naik, M. I., Bashir, A. F., Ebenezar, J., Javid, A. B., 2010, Antibacterial activity of lemongrass (Cimbopogon citrates) oil against some selected pathogenic bacterias, Asian Pacifik Journal of Tropical Medicine, 535-538. Quiñones, D. dan Ghaly, E. S., 2008, Formulation and Characterization of Nystatin Gel, Puerto Rico Health Science Journal, San Juan, 27(1), 61-67. Rogers T. L., 2009, Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, 326-329, Pharmaceutical Press, London. SNI, 1995, Standar Nasional Indonesia Minyak Sereh Wangi, Badan Standarisasi Nasional, Jakarta.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v14i2.42598