Pengaruh Penambahan EM-4 dan Molasses terhadap Proses Composting Campuran Daun Angsana (Pterocarpus indicun) dan Akasia (Acasia auriculiformis)

Abstract

Dried leaves in the Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) area, which consist of angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) and acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) are potential to be utilized as organic fertilizers. The objective of this research was to study the influence the addition of inoculation with Effective Microorganism-4 (EM-4) and molasses in composting process of angsana and acacia leaves. As much as 3 kilograms of acacia and angsana leaves crushed till 1 cm size was incorporated into fermentor tank. Into the reactor, EM-4 and molases were then added and the fermentor was sealed. This mixture was incubated for 4 weeks, and every 4 days it was homogenized by flipping the fermentor tank. Sampling was carried out every 7 days for total organic C and total N content measurements and C/N ratio calculation. The volume ratio of EM-4 inoculation and molasses addition was varied i.e. 3:3, 9:3, 3:9, and 9:9. The fastest maturity of organic fertilizer during the composting process was achieved by EM-4: molasses ratio of 3:9 which only needed 21 days composting time. All other ratios have reached maturity on the 28th day of composting process. The variation of EM-4 has an effect on the time of organic fertilizer maturity product, while the variation of molasses has no effect on the process.

ABSTRAK

Sampah daun kering di lingkungan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta (UNS) diperkirakan mencapai 8 kuintal per hari dan terdiri dari daun pohon angsana serta akasia.  Jumlah sampah sebanyak ini sangat berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan Effective Microorganism-4 (EM-4) dan molasses pada proses composting campuran daun angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) dan akasia (Acasia auriculiformis). Sebanyak 3 kg campuran cacahan daun angsana dan akasia yang berukuran sekitar 1 cm dimasukkan ke dalam tangki fermentasi. Lalu ditambah EM-4 dan molasses kemudian tangki ditutup rapat. Campuran ini diinkubasi selama 4 minggu dan setiap 4 hari dilakukan pengadukan dengan cara membolak-balik tangki fermentasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan setiap 7 hari untuk pemeriksaan kadar C organik dan N total serta penghitungan rasio C/N. Penambahan EM-4 dan molasses divariasikan dengan perbandingan EM-4:molasses sebesar 3:3, 9:3, 3:9, dan 9:9. Kematangan pupuk organik hasil composting paling cepat dicapai oleh rasio EM-4:molasses sebesar 3:9 yaitu pada hari ke-21 dan semua telah mencapai kematangan pada hari ke-28. Variasi EM-4 berpengaruh pada waktu kematangan produk pupuk organik, sedangkan variasi molasses tidak berpengaruh terhadap proses. lumbung138