Dekolorisasi dan Deoilisasi Parafin menggunakan Adsorben Zeolit, Arang Aktif dan Produk Pirolisis Batu Bara

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.11371

Porka Lemix Sun(1*)

(1) 
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Indonesian wax production was reaching 50277 barrels in 2009. Although the wax production rate in Indonesia is quite high, it is still not enough to fulfill the demand. Therefore, Indonesia has to import wax from China. Unfortunately, Indonesian wax qualities, especially related to colour and hardness, are less compared with those from China. Local wax is more brownish yellow, soft and easily melted compared with the wax from China which is whiter, harder and difficult to melt. Many research activities have been conducted to improve quality of local wax. Among of them is with the use of adsorption method with adsorbent.Various adsorbents can be used, including activated carbon, zeolite, and coal pyrolysis product. The present work aim was to find the ability of forementioned adsorbent in purpose to improve the quality of wax, i.e. colour and texture, by decolorization dan deoilization process. Adsorbent was added to the wax at 90C and mixing was then conducted. Parameters under investigation were the influence of the ratio of wax to adsorbent and the optimum mixing time. Based on reduction of oil content and colour intensity, the best wax -adsorbent ratio was 6 : 6 with a mixing time of 50 minutes. Zeolite gives the best adsorption properties and high effectivity in deoilization and decolorization process. Keywords : adsorption, decolorization, deoilization, adsorbent, wax Produksi lilin di Indonesia mencapai 50.277 barrel pada tahun 2009. Walaupun produksi lilin di dalam negeri cukup tinggi, jumlah tersebut belum mencukupi permintaan dari masyarakat sehingga masih harus mengimport lilin dari Cina. Sayangnya, lilin dalam negeri kualitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan lilin dari Cina. Lilin dalam negeri masih berwarna kuning kecoklatan, lunak dan mudah meleleh sedangkan lilin produksi Cina jauh lebih putih, keras dan lebih lama meleleh. Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas lilin. Proses adsorbsi menggunakan adsorben merupakan salah satunya. Berbagai jenis adsorben dapat digunakan, seperti arang aktif, zeolite, maupun produk pirolisis batu bara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kemampuan adsorpsi dari masing-masing adsorben tersebut dalam meningkatkan kualitas, warna dan struktur lilin, dengan cara dekolorisasi dan deoilisasi. Adsorben ditambahkan ke lilin pada suhu sekitar 90C dan dilakukan pengadukan. Parameter yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh rasio lilin : adsorben dan waktu pengadukan optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio lilin : adsorben terbaik adalah 6:6 bila dilihat dari pengurangan kadar minyak dan kadar zat warna, dengan waktu pengadukan terbaik adalah 50 menit. Zeolit memberikan sifat penjerapan terbaik dan efektivitas tinggi dalam proses deoilisasi dan dekolorisasi. Kata kunci : adsorpsi, dekolorisasi, deoilisasi, adsorben, lilin Lumbung138

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.11371

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