Identifikasi Molekuler Virus Penyebab Penyakit Daun Keriting Isolat Bantul pada Melon
Fariha Wilisiani(1*), Susamto Somowiyarjo(2), Sedyo Hartono(3)
(1) Program Studi Bioteknologi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
One of important problems of melon farming in Yogyakarta is a leaf curl disease that show specific symptom of Begomovirus infection. The little information about the nature of virus causal agent was constraint for the disease management. The purposes of this research were to molecularly identify the leaf curl causing virus in melon in Yogyakarta and to find the genetic relationship of this virus with other Begomovirus members which cause leaf curl disease. This research was conducted through several phases, which are: curly leaves collection on the field, virus DNA isolation, Begomovirus identification using universal primer Krusty Homer, Begomovirus DNA-A and DNA-B detection using primer Gemini full BamH1 forward and reverse for full genome DNA-A, and primer BF518 and BR1641 for DNA-B, genome sequencing and genetic relationship analysis of the sequence with other Begomovirus causing leaf curl. The result of field studies which were conducted in Sewon found some melon plant with symptom of Begomovirus infection. The molecular identification result using PCR showed that leaf curl causing virus in melon is Begomovirus, having DNA-A and DNA-B. Genetic relationship analysis of this virus with other Begomovirus causing leaf curl shows that this virus is closely related with Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (AB267834) based on nucleotide and amino acid sequencing as coat protein of Begomovirus. The result of shows that the study is the first report of PepYLCIDV infection, a bipartite genome virus on melon, and its natural leaf curl symptom in Indonesia.
Salah satu kendala budidaya melon (Cucumis melo L.) di Yogyakarta yaitu adanya penyakit daun keriting dengan gejala khas infeksi Begomovirus. Belum tersedianya informasi mengenai jenis dan ciri patogen virus penyebab penyakit tersebut merupakan salah satu kendala penting dalam menentukan strategi pengelolaan virus tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi secara molekuler virus penyebab daun keriting pada melon di Yogyakarta dan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan virus tersebut dengan virus anggota Begomovirus lain penyebab daun keriting yang telah dipublikasi di database genebank. Penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan, yaitu deskripsi gejala daun keriting di lapangan, isolasi DNA virus, identifikasi Begomovirus dengan primer universal Krusty Homer, deteksi DNA-A dan DNA-B Begomovirus dengan primer Gemini full BamH1 forward dan reverse untuk full genome DNA-A, serta primer BF518 dan BR1641 untuk DNA-B, sequencing genom, dan analisis hubungan kekerabatan sequence tersebut dengan Begomovirus lain penyebab daun keriting. Hasil pengamatan lapangan di Sewon Bantul diperoleh tanaman melon dengan gejala khas infeksi Begomovirus. Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler dengan PCR menunjukkan bahwa virus penyebab daun keriting pada melon adalah Begomovirus, memiliki DNA-A dan DNA-B. Analisis hubungan kekerabatan virus penyebab daun keriting pada melon dengan Begomovirus lain penyebab daun keriting menunjukkan bahwa virus tersebut berkerabat dekat dengan Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (AB267834) berdasarkan sekuen nukleotida dan asam amino sebagian coat protein Begomovirus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama infeksi PepYLCIDV dengan bipartite genome pada melon dengan gejala daun keriting secara alamiah di Indonesia.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.15602
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