Aktivitas Penghambatan Trichoderma spp. Formulasi terhadap Jamur Patogen Tular Tanah secara In vitro

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.10103

S. M. Widyastuti(1*), Sumardi Sumardi(2), Irfa'i Irfa'i(3), H. H. Nurjanto(4)

(1) Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The research was aimed to evaluate the growth of formulated conidia propagules of Trichoderma koningii, T. reesei and T. harzianum, which had been stored for 1 and 5 months and the inhibition activity against soil borne plant pathogenic fungi Rigidopous lignosus, Ganoderma sp., Fusarium sp., and Sclerotium rolfsii. The isolates were formulated in the forms of alginate bead, alginate-peat bead, and peat-lime powder. The results indicated that Trichoderma formulated stored at room temperature showed higher inhibition activity than that stored at 4oC. After 5 months in the storage, T. reesei in both bead and powder formula performed higher growth inhibition activity against soil borne pathogens than the other isolates tested. It was noted that all isolates performed temporary decreased growth inhibition activity against soil borne pathogens.


Keywords


Trichoderma formulation; soil borne pathogens

Full Text:

PDF


References

Agosin, E. & J. M. Auilera. 1998. Industrial Production of Active Propagules of Trichoderma for Agricultural Uses. In G. E. Harman & C. P. Kubicek (Eds.). Trichoderma and Gliocladium, Vol. 2. Enzymes, Biological Control, and Commercial Application. Taylor & Francis, London. p: 205─227.

Bell, D. K., H. D. Wells, & C. R. Markham. 1992. In vitro Antagonism of Trichoderma Species Against Six Fungal Plant Pathogens. Phytopathology 72: 379 ─382.

Duffy, B. K., A. Simon, & D. M. Weller. 1996. Combination of Trichoderma koningii with Fluorescent Pseudomonads for Control of Take-all on Wheat. Phytopathology 86: 188─194.

Elad, Y., I. Chet, P. Boyle, & Y. Henis. 1983. Parasitism of Trichoderma spp. on Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii - Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy. Phytopathology. 73:85─88.

Elad, Y., G. Shamuel, 0. Zimand, K. Ruth, I. Chet, & N. Ziona. 1993. Isolate of Trichoderma Fungicidal Compositions Containing Said Isolate and Use Against B. cinerea and S. rolfsii. United Stated Patent 5:266─316.

Hadar, Y., Y. Henis, & I. Chet. 1979. Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani Damping Off with Wheat Bran Culture of Trichoderma harzianun. Phvtopathologv 69: 64─68.

Harman, G. E., A. G. Taylor, & T. E. Stasz. 1989. Combining Effective Strains of Trichoderma harzianum and Solid Matrix Priming to Improve Biological Control Seed Treatment: Plant Dis. 73: 631─637.

Jin, X., G. E. Harman, & A. G. Taylor. 1991. Conidial Biomass and Desiccation Tolerance of Trichoderma harzianum Produced at Different Medium Water Potential. Biol. Control 1: 237 ─243.

Mauperin, C., F. Mortier, J. Garbaye, Le Tacon, & G. Carr. 1987. Viability of an Ectomycorrhizal Inoculum Produced in a Liquid Medium and Entrapped in a Calcium Alginate Gel. Can. J. of Bot. 65: 2326 ─ 2329.

Papavizas, G. C. 1985. Trichoderma and Gliocladium: Biology, Ecology, and Potential for Biocontrol. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 23: 23─54.

Papavizas, G. C., M. Dunn. J. A. Lewis, & J. Beagle-Ristiano. 1984. Liquid Fermentation Technology for Experimental Production of Biocontrol Fungi. Phytopathology 74: 1171─1175.

Pe’er, S. & I. Chet. 1990. Trichoderma Protoplast Fusion: A Tool for Improving Biocontrol Agents. Can. J. Microbiol. 36: 6─9.

Reese, E. T. & M. Mandels. 1959. β-l,3- glucanases in Fungi. Can. J. Microbiol. 5: 173─185.

Sivan, A., Y. Elad, & I. Chet. 1984. Biological Control Effects of a New Isolate of Trichoderma harzianum on Pythium aphanidermatum. Phvtopathologv 74: 498 ─501.

Smith, D. 1991. Maintenance of Filamentous Fungi. In B. E. Kirshop & A. Doyle (Eds.). Maintenance of Microorganisms and Cultural Cells. 2nd ed. Academic Press, London. p: 133─159.

Stasz, T. E., G. E. Harman, & N. F. Weeden. 1988. Protoplast Preparation and Fusion in Two Biocontrol Strains of Trichoderma harzianum. Mycologia 80: 141─150.

Widyastuti, S. M. & Sumardi. 1998. Antagonistic Potential of Trichoderma spp. Against Root Rot Pathogen of Forest Tree Species. Asian J. of Sustain. Agric. 1(2): 1─8.

Widyastuti, S. M. & Sumardi. 1999. Trichoderma spp. as Biological Control Agents Isolated from Dipterocarp Forest in Jambi. Proc. of the Int. Sem. on Ecological Approach for Productivity and Sustainability of Dipterocarp Forest. Yogyakarta, Indonesia. p: 58─60.

Widyastuti, S. M., Sumardi, & N. Hidayati. I 998a. Kernampuan Trichoderma spp. untuk Pengendalian Hayati Jamur Akar Putih pada Acacia mangium Secara in vitro. Bul.Kehut. 36: 24─38.

Widyastuti, S. M., Sumardi, A. Sulthoni, & Harjono. 1998b. Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Akar Merah pada Akasia dengan Trichoderrna. J. Perlin. Tan. Indon. 4(2): 65─72.

Widyastuti, S. M.. Sumardi, & Harjono. 1999. Potensi Antagonistik Tiga Trichoderma spp. terhadap Delapan Penyakit Akar Tanaman Kehutanan. Bul.Kehut. 41: 2─10.

Widyastuti, S. M., Sumardi, & P. Sumantoro. 2001a. Efektivitas Trichoderma spp. sebagai Pengendali Hayati terhadap Tiga Patogen Tular Tanah pada Beberapa Jenis Tanaman Kehutanan. J. Perlin. Tan. Indon. 7 (2): 98─107.

Widyastuti, S. M., Sumardi, & P. Sumantoro. 2001b. Pengaruh Nutrisi Medium pada Efektivitas Penghambatan Trichoderma harzianum terhadap Sclerotium rolfsii secara In Vitro. Bul. Kehut. (In press).

Widyastuti, S. M., Sumardi, & S. Widyaningsih. 2002 Pengaruh Cara Penyimpanan Isolat pada Aktivitas Antagonistik Trichoderma spp. terhadap Jamur Patogen Akar Tanaman Kehutanan. BiotaVIII(I): 13─20.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.10103

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3346 | views : 2251

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2002 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics