Gratitude Cognitive Behavior Therapy (G-CBT) to Reduce College Students’ Academic Stress
Abstract
Stress cannot be separated from student academic life in university. This stressful condition, if not managed properly, can prevent students from successfully completing their studies. This study aimed to examine the effects of Gratitude-Cognitive Behavior Therapy (G-CBT) in reducing academic stress among students. Sixteen students were recruited for this research, all of which were working on their thesis projects. Among these participants, 10 were assigned to the experimental group and six were assigned to the control group. The effect of the intervention was tested using a quasi-experiment with an untreated control group design with pretest and posttest samples. The Academic Stress Scale and the Grateful Scale were used to measure academic stress and gratitude. Analysis using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test showed that following the administration of G-CBT treatment, there was a larger reduction of academic stress among participants in the experimental group compared to the control group (Z = -3.264; p <0.05). The study concluded that G-CBT intervention can reduce academic stress on students.
Keywords
DOI: 10.22146/jpsi.43730
References
Abdillah, Y. A. (2014). Hubungan antara syukur dengan stres pada santri di Pondok Pesantren Moderen Islam Assalaam (Unpublished undergraduate thesis). Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta.
Allen, S. (2018). The science of gratitude. Greater Good Science Center University of California. Retrieved from https://ggsc.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/GGSC-JTF_White_Paper-Gratitude-FINAL.pdf
Carveth, J.A., Gesse, T., & Moss, N. (1996). Survival strategies for nurse-midwifery students. Journal of Nurs-Midwifery, 41(1), 50-54. doi: 10.1016/0091-2182(95)00072-0
Corey, G. (2012). Theory and practice of group counseling (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.377
Emmons, R. A., & Kneezel, T.T. (2005). Giving thanks: Spiritual and religious correlates of gratitude. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 24(2), 140-148
Emmons, R.A. (2007). Thanks! How the new science of gratitude can make you happier. Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin.
Emmons, R. A., & Stern, R. (2013). Gratitude as a psychotherapeutic intervention. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(8), 846–855. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22020
Feldt, R. C., & Updegraff, C. (2013). Gender in variance of the college student stres scale. Psychological Reports, 113(2), 486-489. doi: 10.2466/03.PR0.113x23z0
Fitzgerald, P. (1998). Gratitude and justice. Ethics, 109(1), 119–153. doi: 10.1086/233876
Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Gratitude, like other positive emotions, broadens and builds. In R. A. Emmons & M. E. McCullough (Eds.), Series in affective science. The psychology of gratitude (p. 145–166). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Froh, J. J., Emmons, R. A., Card, N. A., Bono, G., & Wilson, J. A. (2011). Gratitude and the reduced costs of materialism in adolescents. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12, 289-302. doi: 10.1007/s10902-010-9195-9
Harianja. (2016). Manajemen stres mahasiswa program ekstensi 2014 dalam penyusunan skripsi di Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Sumatera Utara. (Unpublished undergraduate thesis). Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Hawari, D. (2011). Manajemen stres, cemas, dan depresi. Jakarta: Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
Heiman & Kariv. 2005. Task-oriented versus emotion-oriented coping strategies: The case of college students. College Student Journal, 39(1), 72-89.
Hixenbaugh, P., Dwart, H., & Towell, T. (2012). What enables students to succeed? An investigation of socio-demographic, health and student experience variables. Psychodynamic Practice: Individuals, Groups, and Organisations, 18, 285-301. doi: 10.1080/14753634.2012.695887
Lambert, N. M., Fincham, F. D., Braithwaite, S. R., Graham, S. M., &
Beach, S. R. H. (2009). Can prayer
increase gratitude? Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 1(3), 139–149. doi: 10.1037/a0016731
Lambert, N. M., Fincham, F. D., & Stillman, T. F. (2012). Gratitude and depressive symptoms: The role of positive reframing and positive emotion. Cognition & Emotion, 26(4), 615–633. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.595393
Lau, B. H. & Cheng, C. (2015). Gratitude and coping among familial caregivers of persons with dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 21(4), 445-453, doi: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1114588
Bono, G., & McCullough, M. E. (2006). Positive responses to benefit and harm: Bringing forgiveness and gratitude into cognitive psychotherapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 20(2), 147-158. doi: 10.1891/088983906780639835
Lazarus, R. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stres, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
Listiyandini, R. A., Nathania, A., Syahniar, D., Sonia, L., & Nadya, R. (2015). Mengukur rasa syukur: Pengembangan model awal skala bersyukur versi indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 2(2), 473-496. doi: 10.24854/jpu22015-41
Lyubormirsky, S.(2007). The how of happiness. London: Sphere.
Magyar-Moe, J. L. (2009). Therapist’s guide to positive psychologial interventions. Cambridge: Academic Press.
Martin, G & Pear, J. (2003). Behavior modification: What it is and how to do it. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
McCraty, R., Barrios-Choplin, B., Rozman, D., Atkinson, M., & Watkins, A. D.
(1998). The impact of a new emotional self-manage-ment program on stress, emotions, heart rate variability, DHEA and cortisol. Integrative Physiological and Behav-ioral Science, 33(2), 151-170. doi: 10.1007/BF02688660
Miller, T. (1996). How to want what you have: Discovering the magic and grandeur of ordinary exixtence. New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc.
Mofidi, T., El-Alayli, A., & Brown, A. A. (2014). Trait gratitude and grateful coping as they relate to college student persistence, success, and integration in school. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 16, 325–349. doi: 10.2190/CS.16.3.b
Nugraheni, A. K. (2012). Stres akademik dan kesejahteraan subjektif pada mahasiswa tingkat pertama dan mahasiswa tingkat akhir. (Unpublished undergraduate thesis). Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Riewanto, A. (2003). Skripsi barometer intelektualitas mahasiswa. Retrieved from http://www.suaramerdeka.com/harian/0302/05/kha3.htm 09/10/2014
Ruthig, J. C., Perry, R. P., Hladkyj, S., Hall, N. C., Pekrun, R., & Chipperfield, J. G. (2008). Perceived control and emotions: Interactive effects of performance in achievement settings. Social Psychology of Education, 11, 161-180. doi: 10.1007/s11218-007-9040-0
Santrock. (2003). Adolescence. Jakarta: Erlangga
Sari, R. W. (2003). Pengaruh beban kerja dan dukungan sosial keluarga terhadap stres mahasiswa. (Unpublished undergraduate thesis). Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Smet, B. (1994). Psikologi kesehatan. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia.
Suldo, S. M., & Shaffer, E. J. (2008). Looking beyond psychopathology: The dual-factor model of mental health in youth. School Psychology Review, 37, 52-68. Retrieved from http://www.socialpsychologyuk.net/social_psychological_review.html
Tugade, M. M. & Fredrickson, B. L. (2007). Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(3), 311-333. doi: 10.1007/s10902-006-9015-4
Watkins, P. C., Woodward, K., Stone, T., & Kolts, R. L. (2003). Gratitude and happiness.pdf. Social Behavior and Personality, 31(5), 431-452. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2003.31.5.431
Watkins, P. C., Cruz, L., Holben, H., & Kolts, R. L. (2008). Taking care of business? Grateful processing of unpleasant memories. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3, 87-99. doi: 10.1080/17439760701760567
Widiyastari, U. (2019). Hubungan antara rasa syukur dengan stres akademik pada santri Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Yogyakarta (Unpublished undergraduate thesis). Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta.
Wong, Y. J., Blackwell, N. M., Mitts, N. G, & Gabana, N. T. (2017). Giving thanks together: A preliminary evaluation of the gratitude group program. Practice Innovations, American Psychological Association 2(4), 243–257. doi: 10.1037/pri0000058
Wood, A. M., Froh, J. J., & Geraghty, A. W. A. (2010). Gratitude and well-
being: A review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology
Review, 30(7), 890–905. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.005
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Psikologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Email this article 
