Morphological characteristics and yield performance of mutant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] M6 genotypes in Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java

Abstract

Current breeding efforts in soybean largely focus on identifying genotypes with high seed yield and large seed size. Our study applied a mutation using 250 Gy Gamma-Ray Irradiation to soybean cv. Anjasari. The variability in the M₁ generation was identified, and the planting was continued to M₂ M₃, M₄, M₅ until M₆ generation. The objectives of this research were to evaluate mutant lines exhibiting a good performance in yield and morphological characteristics that can support the yield component in M₆ generation. This research was conducted from January 2019 to May 2019 at Ciparanje Experiment Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design with fifteen mutant soybean genotypes as treatments with two replications within each treatment. The results showed several genotypes produced higher yield and better agro-morphological characteristics. The genotypes MR-33, MR-4A, and MR-2A showed significantly higher number of total pods per plant. Meanwhile, the genotypes MR-35A, MR-37, MR-23, MR-36A, MR-3A, MR-29A MR-34A, MR-4A, MR-17, and MR-5A showed a higher value in weight of 100 seeds. The highest yield was observed in MR-29A and MR-23, which then will be used as the genotypes for multilocation test for stability.