* Corresponding Author
Penerapan Metode Hedonic Price Modeling dan Model Kota LOD 1 dalam Penilaian Tanah dan Properti sebagai Dasar Pengenaan Pajak
https://doi.org/10.22146/jgise.90776 Annisa Nasywa Atsilah(1*), Trias Aditya(2)
(1) Departemen Teknik Geodesi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Teknik Geodesi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Meningkatnya harga properti di kawasan perkotaan dipengaruhi oleh pesatnya urbanisasi di kawasan perkotaan. Pola spasial terkait nilai tanah dan properti yang kompleks akibat pembangunan gedung-gedung tinggi belum dipahami dengan baik. Secara umum, penilaian tanah dan properti dipengaruhi oleh aspek lokasi, lingkungan, dan fisik. Pembangunan yang terus berkembang menyebabkan perubahan spasial yang signifikan dalam dimensi vertikal. Faktor 2D yang saat ini digunakan tidak dapat mewakili perubahan informasi spasial pada dimensi vertikal. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memperhitungkan faktor 3D dalam proses penilaian tanah dan properti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor 3D pada penilaian tanah dan properti sebagai dasar penentuan pajak dengan menerapkan metode Hedonic Price Modeling (HPM). Metode HPM dikembangkan untuk penilaian tanah dan properti 3D menggunakan regresi berganda dengan pembelajaran mesin (machine learning). Hasil dari penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa penambahan faktor 3D pada model memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nilai tanah dan properti. Hal ini didukung oleh hasil validasi menggunakan uji independen t, yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan antara rata-rata nilai pasar dan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP). Selain itu, penyajian model kota LoD 1, dinilai efektif dalam menggambarkan pola distribusi spasial terkait klasifikasi Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) yang tersebar di area studi. Pola yang tergambar dalam model kota tersebut dapat mempermudah pemangku kepentingan dalam memahami tren PBB dalam konteks spasial, sekaligus memudahkan dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait kebijakan pajak dan perencanaan kota.
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