Keluarga sebagai Fondasi Peradaban Bangsa: Sebuah Strategi Memanfaatkan Bonus Demografi secara Optimal

Bagus Riyono
(Submitted 5 August 2021)
(Published 27 June 2022)

Abstract


Peradaban berakar kepada sistem nilai yang menjadi penggerak kehidupan masyarakatnya yang bersifat laten (Parsons et al., 1961). Sistem nilai ini tumbuh dan berkembang di dalam keluarga sejak seseorang masih kanak-kanak dan akan dikembangkan ketika menjalani pendidikan dan mulai terjun ke masyarakat. Bonus demografi saat ini sedang terjadi pada bangsa Indonesia. Kelompok usia yang lebih menentukan pembangunan peradaban di masa depan adalah usia anak-anak, karena pada usia inilah sistem nilai ditanamkan. Penanaman nilai tersebut terjadi dalam lingkungan keluarga. Oleh karena itu, supaya bonus demografi yang dialami oleh Indonesia ini dapat mewujudkan sebuah peradaban yang tinggi dan mulia, maka penting sekali untuk memikirkan pembangunan keluarga yang kuat sehingga mampu menjadi benih dan fondasi bagi peradaban Indonesia di masa depan. Dalam rangka itu tulisan ini merumuskan arah kebijakan pembangunan keluarga yang didasarkan pada lima dimensi, yaitu spiritual, biologis, psikologis, sosiologis, dan ekonomi. Strategi ini harus dilaksanakan secara holistik dan integratif.

Keywords


bonus demografi; pembangunan keluarga; peradaban; sistem nilai

Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.22146/buletinpsikologi.68234

References


Ahmad, F., Riaz, S., Barata, P., & Stewart, D.E. (2004). Patriarchal beliefs and perceptions of abuse among South Asian immigrant women. Violence Against Women, 10(3), 262-282. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801203256000

Ahmed, S. (2010). Killing joy: Feminism and the history of happiness. Signs, 35(3), 571-594. https://doi.org/10.1086/648513

Al-Balkhi, A. Z., & Badri, M. (2013). Sustenance of the Soul: The Cognitive Behavior Therapy of a Ninth Century Physician. International Institute of Islamic Thought. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh4zfhk.4

Banerjee, A., & Duflo, E. (2011). Poor economics: A radical rethinking of the way to fight global poverty (Public Aff).

Barreto, M., Victor, C., Hammond, C., Eccles, A., Richins, M., & Qualter, P. (2021). Loneliness around the world: Age, gender, and cultural differences in loneliness. Personality and Individual Differences, 169, 110066. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110066

Bastos, R. M. B. (2017). The surprising success of the Finnish educational system in a global scenario of commodified education. Revista Brasileira de Educacao, 22(70), 802-825. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-24782017227040

Berne, E. (1996). Principles of transactional analysis. Indian Journal of Psychiatrist, 38(3), 154-159.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.

Carr, D., Freedman, V. A., Cornman, J. C., & Schwarz, N. (2014). Happy marriage, happy life? Marital quality and subjective well-being in later life. Journal of Marriage and Family, 76(5), 930-948. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12133

Chelladurai, J., Dollahite, D. C., & Marks, L. D. (2018). “The family that prays together…”: Relational process associated with regular family prayer. Journal of Family Psychology, 8(32), 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fam0000432

Coleman, D., & Rowthorn, R. (2011). Who’s afraid of population decline? A critical examination of its consequences. Population and Development Review, 37, 217–248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00385.x

Cornah, D. (2006). The impact of spirituality on mental health: A review of the literature. Mental Health Foundation.

DeFrain, J. & Asay, S. (2007). Strong families around the world. Marriage & Family Review, 41(1-2), 1-10. doi:10.1300/J002v41n01_01

Dunn-Froebig, E. P. (2006). All grown up: How the counterculture affected its flower children. [Master thesis, University of Montana]. ScholarWorks at University of Montana. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=6439&context=etd

DW. (2019, Oktober). Berlin, capital of loneliness. DW. https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-capital-of-loneliness/a-50867492

European Parliament. (2008, April). As Europe ages – how can we tackle its demographic decline? European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+IM-PRESS+20080414FCS26499+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN

Family Watch International. (n.d.). About Us. Family Watch International. Diakses pada 21 September 2021 di https://familywatch.org/about-us/#.YUmBB30xXIU

Giglio, E. (2005). American female converts to Islam and their feelings of liberation. https://digitalshowcase.lynchburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=agora

Glasser, L. N., & Glasser, P. H. (1977). Hedonism and the family: Conflict in values?. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 3(4), 11–18. doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.1977.tb00479.x

Grover, S. & Helliwell, J. F. (2019). How’s life at home? New evidence on marriage and the set point for happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20, 373-390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9941-3

Handayani, A. (2013). Keseimbangan kerja keluarga pada perempuan bekerja: Tinjauan teori Border. Buletin Psikologi, 21(2), 90-101.

Health Resources & Services Administration. (2019, Januari). The “loneliness” epidemic. Health Resources & Services Administration. https://www.hrsa.gov/enews/past-issues/2019/january-17/loneliness-epidemic

Hoffman, M. (2018, November 10). Japan struggles to keep loneliness at arm’s length. The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/11/10/national/media-national/japan-struggles-keep-loneliness-arms-length/

Ibrahim, N. (2016). Ya Aabati! Growing in Domestic Violence Homes. Naskah tidak dipublikasikan.

IDN Research Institute. (2019). Indonesia Millennial Report 2019. IDN Media. Diakses pada 21 September 2021 di https://cdn.idntimes.com/content-documents/Indonesia-millennial-report-2020-by-IDN-Research-Institute.pdf

Ilisko, D. & Paulina, M. K. (2015). Sustainability of family values throughout the generations as viewed by the bachelor program students. Society Integration Education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2013vol1.154

Irwin, R. (2018). Ibn Khaldun: An intellectual biography. Princeton University Press.

Ivtzan, I., Chan, Christine P. L., Gardner, Hannah E., & Prashar, K. (2013). Linking religion and spirituality with psychological well-being: Examining self-actualisation, meaning in life, and personal growth initiative. Journal of Religion and Health, 52(3), 915-929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-011-9540-2

Jacobsen, V., Fursman, L., Bryant, J., Claridge, M., & Jensen, B. (2004). Theories of the family and policy. New Zealand Treasury Working Paper, 4(2), 1-99.

Kauppinen, A. (2013). Meaning and happiness. Philosophical Topics, 41(1), 161–185. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43932753

Khaldun, I. (1377). Muqaddimah: An introduction of history (F. Rosenthal, Trans.). Princeton University Press.

Khashab, A. S., Khashab, A. M., Mohammadi, M. R., Zarabipour, H., & Malekpour, V. (2015). Predicting dimensions of psychological well being based on religious orientations and spirituality: An Investigation into a causal model. Iran Journal Psychiatry,10(1), 50-55.

Kiliańska-Przybyło, G. (2017). The anatomy of intercultural encounters: A sociolinguistic cross-cultural study. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego.

Lutfi, N. (2015). The hippies identity in the 1960s and its aftermath. Rubikon: Journal of Transnational American Studies, 2(1), 42-53. https://doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v2i1.34240

Marettih, A. K. E., & Wardani, S. R. (2017). Melatih kesabaran dan wujud rasa syukur sebagai makna coping bagi orang tua yang memiliki anak autis. Marwah: Jurnal Perempuan, Agama, dan Jender, 16(1), 13-31. https://doi.org/ 10.24014/marwah.v16i1.3561

Martini, E., Palumbo,P., Picione, R. D. (2020). Modern family: Between tradition and new (post-family) narratives. International Journal of Psychoanalysis and Education, 7(2), 38-49.

Mistiaen, V. (2013, Oktober 11). Converting to Islam: British women on prayer, peace, and prejudic. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/11/islam-converts-british-women-prejudice

Nurmalitasari, F. (2015). Perkembangan sosial emosi pada anak usia prasekolah. Buletin Psikologi, 25(2), 103-111.

NDTV. (2018, Januari). Britain appoints minister for loneliness. NDTV. https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/britain-appoints-minister-for-loneliness-tracey-crouch-to-tackle-social-isolation-1801422

Neppl, T. K., Senia, J. M., & Donnellan, M. B. (2016). Effects of economic hardship: Testing the family stress model over time. Journal of Family Psychology, 30(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000168

Nicolosi, J. (2012, Maret 27). Unbiased, open research [on homosexuality] was never done [Video by N. Cummings]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPgq1c4TYi4

Nicolosi, J. (2019, Oktober 11). The causes and treatment of male homosexuality [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgYQwx2ruto

Parsons, T., Shils, E., Naegele, K. D., & Pitts, J. R. (1961). Theories of society: Foundations of Modern Sociological Theory. The Free Press.

Qonitatin, N., Faturochman, Helmi, A. F., & Kartowagiran, B. (2020). Relasi Remaja - Orang Tua dan Ketika Teknologi Masuk di Dalamnya. Buletin Psikologi, 28(1), 28-44. https://doi.org/10.22146/buletinpsikologi.44372

Qunaibi, I. (2019, 14 Desember). تحريرالمرأةالغربيةالقصةالكاملة(Western women’s liberation – the full story) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2M_YyM8dpU

Rahman, V. (2019). IMR 2019: Bonus Demografi di Indonesia. IDN Times. https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/vanny-rahman/bonus-demografi-di-indonesia-peluang-atau-tantangan-ims2019

Seligman, Martin E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Free Press.

Tischler, L. Biberman, J., & McKeage, R. (2002). Linking emotional intelligence, spirituality and workplace performance: Definitions, models and ideas for research. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 203-218. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940210423114

Vitz, P. (2013). Faith of the fatherless: The psychology of atheism. Ignatius Press.

Yapko, M. (2018, Mei 15). How to prevent depression: full transcript. Psychlopaedia. https://psychlopaedia.org/health/how-to-prevent-depression-full-transcript/

Zuliana, N. & Kumala, A. (2020). Efek sabar dan syukur terhadap penyesuaian pernikahan. Tazkiya: Journal of Psychology, 8(2), 106-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v8i2.18106


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2022 Buletin Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.