* Corresponding Author
PENELITIAN EFISIENSI PUMP AS TURBINE (PAT) UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERENCANAAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI PLTMh DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
https://doi.org/10.22146/ajse.v2i1.4964 Alfian Rusdi(1*), Agus Maryono(2), Suhanan -(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The energy crisis will come soon, the consumption behavior and economic elevating will advance the energy depletion. The demand of power electrical around 4.000 – 5.000 MW per year will difficult to fix, if we just rely on fossil energy because of the increasing oil world price. The water energy is one of the renewable energy can be used as solution. Based on annual reporting of PT PLN (Persero) area NTB in 2012. Province of NTB has hydropower potential 82,35 MW but until 2012 the ratio electrical is 50,95%. The building of PLTA need high cost, so PLTMh is considered to solve soon the village electrical demand.
Dusun Kaduk in Kabupaten Sumbawa Province of NTB is one of the hilly and purilieus village area that has potential of coffee field, but doesn’t has electrical sources. Pump as Turbine (PaT) is designed to change generator. The advance of PaT are easy instalation and maintanance, mass production, avalaible spare part and low investation so can utilize the maximum water potential. The purpose of research to examine the suit PaT for local area, to analize capability the centrifugal water pump type semi-open impeller SU-50 be used as PaT and to get the characteristic of relation between water discharge to output power. The experimental method is used to examine the layout PaT directly and note the parameters used to analize of data.
The result of the research show the the centrifugal water pump type semi-open impeller SU-50 used as PaT can produce 911,73 rpm, The maximum power 61,09 W at head 4 m and the highest efficiency 19,05 %. The modified impeller by using forward blade close impeller can increase 935 rpm, the maximum power 62,35 W at head 4 m and the highest efficiency 20,42 %. The highest spin 1194,83 rpm, the maximum power 85,80 W at head 4 m with efficiency until 34,79 % is got by using backward blade close impeller. Result of similarity analysis if discharge 85 l/s, head 21 m, diameter of pump 0,523 m and highest spin 1600,094 rpm can produce power 311,211 kW. Based the research the PaT can be used as alternative of electrical power sources in village.Keywords
References
A. Bakar, "PaT Utilization," IJSER, pp. 113-120, 2010.
ADB, Asian Development Outlook 2012 Confronting Rising Inequality in Asia”, Manila, Phillippines: Asian Development Bank, 2012.
Arif Budi Wicaksono, “Experimental Study of Utilization of Centrifugal Pump for Pump as Turbine”, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2012.
A. Williams, “Pumps As Turbines A user's guide”, Southampton: Intermediate Technology Publication Ltd, 1995.
Bappeda Sumbawa, "Sumbawa dalam Angka," Pemda Sumbawa, Sumbawa Besar, 2011.
B. Teuteberg, "Design of a Pump-As-Turbine Microhydro Sytem for an Abalone Farm," Departement of Mechanical and Mechatonic Engineering Stellenbosch University, German, 2010.
CDI-EMR Indonesia, “Handbook of Energy & Economic Statistic of Indonesia”, Jakarta: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, 2011.
Chapallaz J. M. Eichenberger P., Fisher G, “Manual on Pump as Turbine”, GTZ, German, 2002
Economics and Development Resources Center, "Guidelines for Economic analysis of Project," ADB (Asian Development Bank), Manila, 1997.
. Dietzel, Turbin, Pompa dan Kompresor, Jakarta: Erlangga, 1996.
IMIDAP Tim, “Pedoman Teknis Standarisasi Peralatan dan Komponen PLTMh, Jakarta: Dirjen Listrik dan Pemanfaatan Energi”, Deptartemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral, 2008.
JICA, “Panduan untuk Pembangunan Pembangkit Listrik Mikro-Hidro”, Electrical Power Service Co LTD, Tokyo, 2006
J. Sathaye, O. Lucon and A. Rahman, Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Kshirgar, R, “Numerical Simulation on a Pump Operating in Turbine Mode”, 2007
K. Abdullah, “The E3i Village Concept”, Jurnal Ilmiah Energi, vol 1, no 6, pp 67-74, 2008
Lal, Jagdish, “Hydroulic Machine”, Metropolitan Book Co, Private Ltd, New Delhi, 1975
M. Suarda, N. Suarnadwipa and W. Adnyana, "Experimental Work on Modification Impeller Tips of a Centrifugal Pum As a Turbine," in Paper of The 2nd International Conference on "Sustainable Energy an Environment", Bangkok, Thailand, 2006.
Nautyal, e., “Experimental Investigation of Centrifugal Pump Working as Turbine for Small Hydropower System”, 2007
Paudel. S, “Feasible Study of The Application of PAT in the Water Distribution in the Water Distribution Sub System Bribin”, Karlsruhe, KIT, German, 2008
Prayitno, “Turbin Air, Hand Out, Universitas Gadjah Mada”, Yogyakarta, 2006
P. de Vries, M. Conners and R. Jaliwwala, “Buku Panduan Energy yang Terbarukan” PNPM Mandiri, Jakarta, 2010
PT. PLN (Persero) Wilayah NTB, “Laporan Kondisi Kelistrikan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat”, PT. PLN NTB, Mataram, Indonesia, 2012
Silalahi, D. F, “A Preliminary Design of Pump as Turbine and Induction Motor as Generator for Energy Recovery”, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2009
Singh, P, “Optimization of Internal Hydraulics of System Design for Pump as Turbine with Field Implementation and Evaluation”, Karlsruhe, KIT, German, 2005
Triadmojo, B., “Hidrolika I”, Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, 1995
Triadmojo, B., “Hidrolika II”, Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, 1995
Wiliams, A. R. (n.d), “The Performance of Centrifugal Pump as Turbine and Influence of Pump Geometry, University of Notingham, 1995
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ajse.v2i1.4964
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2209
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c)
Universitas Gadjah Mada