ACI (Acta Cardiologia Indonesiana) is published twice a year (biannually) by the Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. ACI publishes original articles, review articles and case reports/case series articles on the field of cardiology and vascular medicine. ACI is a forum for articles that present the results of research, innovative ideas and new hypotheses that stimulate the original thinking in the field of cardiology and vascular medicine. ACI accepts articles of original research, review articles, case reports and case series that represent the advancement in cardiovascular science and practice. Basic medical research, translational research, clinical research and epidemiology/community research are welcomed to be submitted.