An Antioxidant Activity of Extract of Zingiber cassumunar Rhizome, Guazuma ulmifolia Leaves and Their Combination in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats
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Keywords:
antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, high fat diet, Guazuma ulmifolia, Zingiber cassumunar
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to several metabolic diseases, including hyperlipidemia. Previous studies have shown the antioxidant properties of Zingiber cassumunar rhizomes and Guazuma ulmifolia leaves. The objective of this study was to see the antioxidant activity of Z. cassumunar rhizomes, G. ulmifolia leaves extracts, and their combinations in high-fat diet fed (HFD) rat. The water extract of Z. cassumunar rhizomes and G. ulmifolia leaves was evaporated in a freeze dryer to produce dry extracts. The Wistar rats were assigned into six groups at random: normal, positive, negative, Z. cassumunar rhizome extract at 400 mg/kg BW (ZC); G. ulmifolia leaf extract at 50 mg/kg BW (GU), and the combination of Z. cassumunar rhizome extract and G. ulmifolia leaf extract at (350+50) mg/kg BW (ZC+GU). The rats were fed HFD for 28 days, and the treatment groups also received the extracts for the last 14 days. The combination ZC+GU increased the endogenous antioxidant activity namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The metabolite oxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) was also found to decrease. The conclusion of the study showed that ZC, GU, and ZC+GU had quite high antioxidant activity to inhibiting oxidative stress.
References
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Ayala, A., Muñoz, M. F., & Argüelles, S. (2014). Lipid peroxidation: Production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2014(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/360438
Berenguer, B., Trabadela, C., Sánchez-Fidalgo, S., Quílez, A., Miño, P., De la Puerta, R., & Martín-Calero, M. J. (2007). The aerial parts of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. protect against NSAID-induced gastric lesions. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114(2), 153–160.
Canadian Council of Animal Care. (2010). Canadian Council on Animal Care in science CCAC guidelines on : euthanasia of animals used.
Chen, L., Hu, J. Y., & Wang, S. Q. (2012). The role of antioxidants in photoprotection: A critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 67(5), 1013–1024.
Dewi, E., Fadliyani, & Ismiranda. (2019). Efek Diet Aterogenik Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hati Mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Sains Riset, 8(1), 25–30.
Duraiswamy, B., Singanan, M., & Varadarajan, V. (2018). Physicochemical, phytochemicals and antioxidant evaluation of guazuma ulmifolia fruit. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10(9), 9–13.
Han, A. R., Kim, H., Piao, D., Jung, C. H., & Seo, E. K. (2021). Phytochemicals and bioactivities of zingiber cassumunar roxb. Molecules, 26(8), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082377
Lei, X., & Yang, Y. (2020). Vitexin and an HMG-Co A reductase inhibitor prevent the risks of atherosclerosis in high-fat atherogenic diet fed rats. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 32(3), 2088–2095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2020.01.037
Lestiani, L., Chandra, D. N., Laitinen, K., Ambarwati, F. D., Kuusisto, P., & Lukito, W. (2018). Double-Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial Demonstrating Serum Cholesterol Lowering Efficacy of a Smoothie Drink with Added Plant Stanol Esters in an Indonesian Population. Cholesterol, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4857473
Lubos, E., Loscalzo, J., & Handy, D. E. (2011). Glutathione peroxidase-1 in health and disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 15(7), 1957–1997.
Marliani, L., Rahmawati, W., & Sinurat, A. (2014). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of bangle( Zingiber cassumunar Roxb .) rhizome. The Journal of Indonesian Medicinal Plant, 7(2), 22–27.
Novita Sari, N. and N. S. (2020). The antioxidant effect of bangle (Zingiber cassumunar) rhizome extract on superoxide dismutase (sod) activity in hyperlipidemic rats. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 24(1), 78–81.
Nuri, N., Puspitasari, E., Hidayat, M. A., Ningsih, I. Y., Triatmoko, B., & Dianasari, D. (2020). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Kadar Fenol dan Flavonoid Total, Aktivitas Antioksidan serta Antilipase Daun Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia). Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 7(2), 143.
Nurkhasanah, N., Sari, N., & Sulistyani, N. (2020). The antioxidant effect of bangle ( Zingiber cassumunar ) rhizome extract on superoxide dismutase ( sod ) activity in hyperlipidemic rats. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 24(1), 78–81.
Nurkhasanah, N., Sulistyani, N., & Ghifarizi, M. A. (2019). The Effect of Bengle (Zingiber Cassumunar Roxb.) Rhizome Chloroform Extract on Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Intermediate Secretions in Vitro. Advances in Health Sciences Research, 18, 43–47. https://doi.org/10.2991/adics-phs-19.2019.9
Prahastuti, S., Hidayat, M., Hasiana, S. T., Widowati, W., Widodo, W. S., Handayani, R. A. S., Rizal, R., & Kusuma, H. S. W. (2020). The ethanol extract of the bastard cedar (Guazuma ulmifolia L.) as antioxidants. Pharmaciana; Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana.
Rafi, M., Meitary, N., Septaningsih, D. A., Bintang, M., & Rafi, M. (2020). Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Guazuma ulmifolia Leaves Extracts Using Different Solvent Extraction. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 31(3), 171–180.
Rindler, P. M., Plafker, S. M., Szweda, L. I., & Kinter, M. (2013). High dietary fat selectively increases catalase expression within cardiac mitochondria. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 288(3), 1979–1990. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.412890
Rissanti, I., Fachriyah, E., & Kusrini, D. (2014). Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif dari Ekstrak Aseton Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) sebagai Antioksidan. Jurnal Kimia Sains Dan Aplikasi, 17(3), 75–79. https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.17.3.75-79
Sikder, K., Shukla, S. K., Patel, N., Singh, H., & Rafiq, K. (2018). High Fat Diet Upregulates Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketogenesis via Intervention of PPAR-γ. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 48(3), 1317–1331. https://doi.org/10.1159/000492091
Skowron, M., Zalejska-fiolka, J., Błaszczyk, U., Chwalińska, E., Owczarek, A., & Birkner, E. (2018). Antioxidant enzyme activities in rabbits under oxidative stress induced by high fat diet. Journal of Veterinary Research, 62, 199–205. https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0019
Sutaryono, Andasari, S. D., & Hidayati, N. (2016). Pengaruh pemberian Campuran Bee Pollen, Rimpang Kencur, Kunyit Dan Biji Pinang Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Malondialdehida (MDA) Pada tikus wistar Pasca Paparan Streptozotocin. In The 3rd Universty Research Colloquium (pp. 496–503).
Thomas, J., Shentu, T. P., & Dev, K. S. (2012). Cholesterol: Biosynthesis, Functional Diversity, Homeostasis and Regulation by Natural Products. Biochemistry, March. https://doi.org/10.5772/32538
Walker, J. M. (1996). The Protein Protocols Handbook (J. M. Walker (ed.); second edi, Issue January). University of Hertfordshire.
Wong-a-nan, N., Inthanon, K., Saiai, A., Inta, A., Nimlamool, W., Chomdej, S., Kittakoop, P., & Wongkham, W. (2018). Lipogenesis inhibition and adipogenesis regulation via PPARγ pathway in 3T3-L1 cells by Zingiber cassumunar Roxb . rhizome extracts . Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(4), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbas.2018.09.001
Zaetun, S., Dewi, L. B. K., & Wiadnya, I. B. R. (2018). Penanda Kerusakan Seluler Akibat Radikal Bebas Pada Tikus Yang Diberikan Air Beroksigen. Jurnal Analis Medika Bio Sains, 5(1), 79–84.
Published
2024-06-25
How to Cite
Mahfudh, N. (2024). An Antioxidant Activity of Extract of Zingiber cassumunar Rhizome, Guazuma ulmifolia Leaves and Their Combination in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.8220
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Research Article
