Fat Analysis of House Rat (Rattus tanezumi) in Meatball Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Combined with Principal Component Analysis
Keywords:
house rat, fatty acid, GC-MS, PCA's chemometric
Abstract
Counterfeit food products are starting to become a new problem around the people of Indonesia. Problems that are getting special attention especially the concern of contamination of food products by non-halal meat. This research aim was to analyze the fatty acids contained in house rat. The method that used was GC-MS method combined with Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Method of extraction grease was using oven at 90ºC - 100ºC for approximately one hour. After that, the derivatization process changed the fat into a methyl esters that easily evaporated. The derivatization process were using NaOCH3 and BF3. Methyl Esther compounds were injected into the chromatography instrument system GC-MS. GC-MS analysis results shows that the composition of fatty acid compounds from house rat fat with SI values > 90. Composition of fatty acids of house rat fats include: Myristate (0,19±0,03)%, Palmitoleat (2,40±0,29)%, Methyl Palmitate (27,65±0,32)%, oleate (45,81±3,25)%, and Stearate (4,65±0,28)%. Total content of house rat fatty acids was as high as 48.21% of unsaturated fatty acid and 31.49% of saturated fatty acids. The GC-MS method combined with PCA can post the fat of house rat. House rat fatty acids based on PCA's chemetrics demonstrate the resemblance of chemical physical properties with chicken fatty acids.
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Grob, R.L., 2004, Theory of Gas Chromatography, dalam: Emeritus, R.L.G.P.D., 2007. Endogenous biophenol, fatty acid and volatile profiles of selected oils. Food Chemistry, 100:1544-1551.
Hausman, Gary J., Bergen, Werner G., Etherton, Terry D., Smith, Steve B., 2018. The history of adipocyte and adipose tissue research in meat animals. J.Anim.Sci. 96(2) : 473-486.
Indrasti, D., Che Man, Y.B., Mustafa, S., and Hashim, D.M., 2010, Lard detection based on fatty acids profile using comprehensive gas chromatography hyphenated with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Food Chemistry, 122:1273-1277.
Guntarti, A., Prativi, S.R., 2017. Application method of fourier transform infrared (FTIR) combined with chemometrics for analysis of rat meat (Rattus diardi) in meatballs beef. Pharmaciana. Vol.7 (2) : 133-140. https: //doi. org/10. 12928/ pharmaciana. v7i2. 4247
Guntarti, Any., Gandjar, I. G., Jannah, N. M., 2020. Authentication of wistar rat fats with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry combined by chemometrics. Potravinarsto Slovak Journal of Food Sciences. 14 : 52-57.
Johnsen, Lea G., Skou, Peter B., Khakimov, Bekzod., Bro, Rasmus., 2017. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Data Processing Made Easy. Journal of Chromatography. 1503 : 57-64
Kholif Sholehah I Kurniasih Nurull Hikmah, Yuny Erwanto and Abdul Rohman, 2020. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Canine (Canis lupus familiaris) Meat in
Meatballs for Halal Authentication Study using Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Intl. J. Agric Biol. Vol 23, No 1, 2020 .
Kumar, A., Lindley, M.R., and Mastana, S.S., 2014, A time efficient adaptation of GC-FID method for analysis of PBMC lipid composition. Journal of Biochemistry Technology, 5:760-764.
Lusas, E.W., Alam, M.S., Clough, R.C., and Riaz, M.N., 2012. Animal and Vegetables Fats, oils, and waxes, in : Kent, J.A. (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology. Springer US, pp:1323-1402.
Miller, J.N., and Miller, J.C., 2010. Statistic and Chemometrics for Analytical Chemist, 6th Edition, Pearson Education Limited,. Harlow. pp 89-105.
Mursyidi, A., 2013, The Role of Chemical Analysis in the Halal Authentication of Food and Pharmaceutical Products. Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1:76-86.
Nakyinsige, K., Man, Y.B.C., and Sazili, A.Q., 2012, Halal authenticity issues in meat and meat products. Meat Science, 91:207-214.
Nurjuliana, M., Che Man, Y.B., Mat Hashim, D., and Mohamed, A.K.S., 2011a, Rapid identification of pork for halal authentication using the electronic nose and gas chromatography mass spectrometer with headspace analyzer. Meat Science, 88:638-644.
Rahayu WS, S Martono, Sudjadi, A Rohman (2018a). The potential use of infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for differentiation of beef meatball from dog meat for Halal authentication analysis. J Adv Vet Anim Res. 5:307‒314
Rahayu WS, A Rohman, Sudjadi, S Martono (2018b). Identification of Dog for Halal Autentification with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) and Chemometrics. Adv Sci Lett 24:138‒141
Rahmania, Halida., Sudjadi, dan Abdul Rohman, 2015. The employment of FTIR spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics for analysis of rat meat in meatball formulation. Meat Science. 100: 301-305
Rohman, A. and Che Man, Y.B., 2012. Analysis of pig derivatives for halal authentication studies. Food Reviews International, 28(1), pp.97-112.
Rohman, A., Triyana, K., Sismindari, and Erwanto, Y., 2012, Differentiation of lard and other animal fats based on triacylglycerols composition and principal component analysis. International Food Research Journal, 19(2):475-479.
Tarola, M. A., A.M. Girelli., S. Lorusso., 2012. High Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Fatty Acids in Drying Oils Following Lipase Action. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 50 (4): 294-300
Van der Spiegel, M., van der Fels-Klerx, H.J., Sterrenburg, P., van Ruth, S.M., Scholtens-Toma, I.M.J., and Kok, E.J., 2012, Halal assurance in food supply chains: Verification of halal certificates using audits and laboratory analysis. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 27:109-119.
Von Bargen C, Dojahn J, Waidelich D, Humpf HU, Brockmeyer J., 2013. New sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for detection of horse and pork in halal beef. J Agric Food Chem. 61(49): 11986-11994
Zhao, Q., Yang, K., Li, W., and Xing, B., 2014, Concentration-depenent polyparameter linear free energy relationships to predict organic compound sorption on carbon nanotubes, Scientific Reports, 4:3888-3897.
Published
2022-06-29
How to Cite
Salamah, N., Guntarti, A., Lestari, P. A., & Gandjar, I. G. (2022). Fat Analysis of House Rat (Rattus tanezumi) in Meatball Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Combined with Principal Component Analysis . Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 33(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.1781
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Section
Research Article
