Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Iraqi Patients with Chronic Angina Pectoris

Aseel Butti

doi:10.22146/ijp.11978

Aseel Butti college of Pharmacy/Mustansiriyah University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.11978

Keywords: Angiography, Diagnosis, GDF-15, Patients, Stable angina

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered the most prevalent leading cause of myocardial ischemia and mortality worldwide and can lead to angina pectoris and myocardial infarction (MI). Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) is usually measured together with other biomarkers to predict all-cause mortality. During stressful conditions associated with tissue injury and inflammation like myocardial ischemia, it is released into circulation and detected at high concentration in foam cells of the atherosclerotic plaque. Its circulating levels are associated with chronic diseases rather than acute diseases mainly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) like CAD and chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of the current study was to detect the role of GDF-15 as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of stable angina patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction who were presented as having stable chest pain, so that to avoid endangering them to the invasive coronary angiography. Fasting venous blood samples were taken from 90 participants who were presented as having chest pain. They were all subjected to echocardiography, electrocardiography and coronary angiography. The left ventricular ejection fraction was calculated using the biplane M mode method. GDF-15 serum level was measured by using Human GDF-15 Sandwich ELISA Kit following the manufacturer’s instructions.The current study detected a high significant difference in the serum levels of GDF-15 and serum creatinine between the patients and the control group (P≤0.01). On the other hand, there were significant differences in the serum levels of triglycerides and VLDL-C between both study groups (P≤0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that GDF-15 had AUC= 1.00, the best cut off= 254.16 with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. So, it can be concluded that GDF-15 could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of stable angina patients with obstructive atherosclerotic plaque and normal LV ejection fraction.

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