Factors affecting differences in measles rubella BIAS immunization during and before the covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

Background: Disease PD3I (Measles Rubella) is a disease that can be prevented with immunization currently experiencing obstacles in bias services due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this has resulted in an increase in the number of children who are susceptible to measles and rubella. Target of immunization coverage in Yogyakarta Province is 95% and has been met, the results of the report show that immunization coverage in 2020 has met the target of 98%. Kulon Progo District immunization coverage BIAS MR in 2019 (99.1%) and in 2020 (98.0%). In 2020 Kulon Progo Regency postponed some BIAS services in schools due to the COVID-19 cluster in the neighborhood around the school and school learning using online systems makes BIAS services require the latest efforts and strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct analysis related to inputs, processes and outputs and factors that distinguish the implementation of MR BIAS 2019 and BIAS MR 2020 (pandemic).

Objective: This study aims to examine the differences in MR bias immunization and the implementation of MR BIAS before the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (2020).

Methode: This research uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. Qualitative sample selection with purposive sampling technique, study subjects 3 jurim puskesmas, 7 teachers and 2 parents. 

Result: The COVID-19 pandemic has constrained BIAS immunization services in implementation, seen from differences in inputs and processes such as bias human resource shortage, late distribution of logistics, implementation of health protocols, use of personal protective equipment and delays in BIAS services due to COVID-19 transmission in school environments. So, there are factors that affect the implementation of MR BIAS activities such as environmental factors (learning systems, COVID-19 clusters, school roles), Behavioral Factors (Health protocols, attitudes of children and parents) and health care factors (immunization services).

Conclusion: There are differences in the implementation of BIAS MR in 2019 and BIAS MR in 2020 from the side before and during the implementation of BIAS in schools due to the COVID-19 pandemic. So it is necessary to perform service efficiency and strengthen the socialization and education of BIAS and COVID-19.