Risk Factors of Tuberculosis at Women in Cilacap District

https://doi.org/10.22146/tmj.37169

Nana Sumarna(1*), Ning Rintiswati(2), Lutfan Lazuardi(3)

(1) Semarang Port Health Office, Indonesia
(2) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(3) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is disease a second major cause of deaths worldwide among infectious diseases, killing nearly 2 million people each year. The variety of problems will arise if the woman was suffering TB especially who are married, pregnant, and have children. Her role as a housewife who had to carry out physical or mental care of children while taking care of her husband will be disturbed. The prevalence of smear positive pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) in 6 region health center in Cilacap District at 2012,  women higher than men.

Objectives: To know probability of pregnancy, marital status, parity, physical activity, level of education, level of knowledge, the kitchen smoke pollution, history contact with TB patient, residential density, ventilation against TB incidence in women.

Methods: The type of research was observational analytical case-control design. Sample is 102 people consisting of as many as 51 cases and 51 control. Sampling is done with proportional random sampling techniques. Data were analyzed with the univariabel, bivariabel analysis, and multivariable.

Results: Pregnancy (OR 1.2 95% CI 2.4-23.7 p0.04), parity (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3-9.7 p 0.01), history of contacts (OR 3.8 95% CI 1.4-10.4 p 0.01) ventilation (OR 2.4 95% CI 7,5-23.7 p 0.00) as a risk factor for the occurrence of TB in women.

Conclusion: The incidence of TB in women in Cilacap District a more probable or risk greater in women who were pregnant, high parity, had a history of contacts, and stay at home with the bad ventilation. Probability of them was 99.5%

 

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Women, Risk Factors

 

INTISARI

Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit penyebab utama ke-dua kematian di seluruh dunia di antara penyakit menular, membunuh hampir 2 juta orang setiap tahun.Risiko TB pada wanita meningkat selama usia produktif. Berbagai masalah akan muncul jika wanita menderita TB mengingat peran wanita terutama yang sudah menikah, hamil, dan memiliki anak. Perannya sebagai seorang ibu rumah tangga yang harus melaksanakan tugas pengasuhan fisik maupun mental anak-anak sekaligus mengurus suami akan terganggu.Prevalensi TB paru BTA positif di 6 wilayah Puskesmas Kabupaten Cilacap tahun 2012 pada wanita lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada pria.

 

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui peluang status perkawinan, kehamilan,paritas, aktivitas fisik, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pengetahuan, polusi asap dapur, riwayat kontak serumah, kepadatan hunian, dan luas ventilasi rumah terhadap kejadian TB pada wanita.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalahpenelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol.Besar sampel adalah sebanyak 102 orang terdiri dari 51 orang kasus dan 51 orang kontrol.Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik proporsional random sampling.Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariabel, bivariabel, dan multivariabel.

Hasil: Hasil uji  multivariat, kehamilan (OR 1,2 CI 95% 2,4-23,7 p 0,04), paritas (OR 3,5 CI 95% 1,3-9,7 p 0,01), riwayat kontak (OR 3,8 CI 95% 1,4-10,4 p 0,01) ventilasi (OR 7,5 CI 95% 2,4-23,7 p 0,00) sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya TB pada wanita.

Simpulan: Kejadian TB pada wanita di Kabupaten Cilacap berpeluang atau berisiko lebih besar pada wanita yang hamil, paritas tinggi, mempunyai riwayat kontak, dan tinggal di rumah dengan ventilasi yang tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Probabilitas subyek dengan faktor risiko tersebut untuk menderita TB sebesar 99,5%.

 

Kata kunci: tuberkulosis, wanita, faktor risiko


Keywords


Tuberculosis, Women, Risk Factors

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tmj.37169

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