Penatalaksanaan noma pada pasien limfoma non hodgkin

https://doi.org/10.22146/mkgk.60123

Ummi Pratiwi(1*), Tenny Setiany Dewi(2)

(1) Program Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Spesialis Penyakit Mulut, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat
(2) Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Mulut, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Noma merupakan infeksi oportunis polimikroba yang progresif dan destruktif pada jaringan lunak dan keras orofasial yang dapat menyebabkan gangren orofasial, sepsis, deformitas fasial, hingga kematian. Tujuan studi kasus adalah untuk memaparkan penatalaksanaan noma pada pasien limfoma non Hodgkin. Pasien laki-laki berusia 18 tahun dirujuk dari bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam dengan diagnosis Limfoma non Hodgkins (relaps), malnutrisi terkait kanker, dan sepsis.
Keluhan pasien meliputi bengkak di bibir atas dan bawah, luka di sudut bibir, serta tidak bisa makan. Keadaan umum  pasien malaise disertai peningkatan respirasi. Ekstraoral ditemukan limfadenopati submandibula, edema, ulserasi, pewarnaan hitam keabu-abuan, dan krusta pada labium superius oris dan inferius oris hingga ke regio perioral dan filtrum. Intraoral ditemukan halitosis, edema pada seluruh margin gingiva dan papila interdental rahang atas dan bawah. Hematologi menunjukkan peningkatan laju enap darah, penurunan kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit, dan trombosit. Pada kultur bakteri ditemukan Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Klebsiella pneumonia, serta uji sensitivitas antibiotik menunjukkan resistensi multi obat. Lesi bibir didiagnosis sebagai noma. Diberikan terapi nutrisi, rehidrasi, antibiotik lokal dan sistemik spektrum luas, dan obat kumur antiseptik. Pasien mengalami pemulihan lesi disertai defek bibir setelah 3 bulan perawatan bersama multidisiplin terkait dan direncanakan akan dilakukan bedah rekonstruksi bibir. Imunokompromi akibat Limfoma non Hodgkin yang relaps dan komplikasi oral kemoterapi, malnutrisi, serta oral hygiene buruk dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai predisposisi utama terhadap perkembangan noma pada pasien dalam laporan
kasus ini. Deteksi dini dan akurat dari noma merupakan hal esensial sehingga penatalaksanaan yang tepat dapat dicapai dengan baik melalui kerja sama multidisiplin terkait.

Keywords


imunokompromi; limfoma non-hodgkin; noma

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mkgk.60123

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