* Corresponding Author
The effect of silk concentration on the flexural strength of FRC as a Bone Graft
https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.31487 Rifki Moechtar(1*), Siti Sunarintyas(2), Muhammad Kusumawan Herliansyah(3)
(1) Department of Pedodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang, West Sumatra
(2) Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Bone fractures are mostly caused by trauma and disease. In the therapeutic process of bone healing which often meets some constraints, bone graft is mainly used to ensure that the healing process takes place. A fiber reinforced composite (FRC) is a popular bone graft material that is made to resemble bone properties. FRC is normally comprised of polymer matrix, hydroxyapatite filler, and fiber. Hydroxyapatite is a bioactive material widely used as a bone graft. Silk fiber is known as a reliable material to increase mechanical strength of the FRC. On this basis, this study aims to determine the effect of silk fiber concentration on the flexural strength of FRC. Fiber reinforced composite made of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/ UDMA resin (CharmFil®, DenKist, Korea), hydroxyapatite (Bioceramic Laboratory, DTMI UGM) and silk fiber (Perhutani, Pati) were divided into three groups. Each group contained different silk fiber concentrations which were 1%, 5% and 10%. The flexural strength test was performed with 3-point bending test according to ISO 10477. The result showed that FRC with silk fiber 1%, 5% and 10% respectively had flexural strength of 61.21 ± 8.43 MPa, 62.97 ± 3.92 MPa and 85.01 ± 7.71 MPa. The result of one way ANAVA analysis showed that mean of FRCs flexural strength were significantly different between one treatment group to another. Thus, it is conclusive that silk fiber has a significant effect on FRCs flexural strength. The addition of 10% concentration of silk fiber is proven to increase FRCs flexural strength.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Drosse I, Volkmer E, Capanna R, De Biase P, Mutschler W, Schieker M. Tissue engineering for bone defect healing: an update on multi- componenet approach. Injury, Int. J. Care Injured. 2008; 39S2: S9-S20.
2. Chandrashekar K, Saxena C. Biograft-HT® as a bone graft material in the Treatment of periodontal vertical defect and its clinical and radiological evaluation: clinical study. J. Indian Soc. Periodontal. 2009; 13(3): 138–144.
3. Kahairi A, Ahmad RL, Wan IL, Norra H. Management of mandibular ameloblastoma a case report and literature review. Arch Orofac Sci. 2008; 3(2): 52–55.
4. Mandal BB, Grinberg A, Gil ES, Panilaitis B, Kaplan DL. High-strength silk protein scaffold for bone repair. PNAS. 2012; 109(20): 7699–7704.
5. Zimmermann G, Moghaddam A. Allograft bone matrix versus synthetic bone graft substitute, Injury. 2011; 42(2): S16-S21.
6. Matilla R. Non-resorbable glass fiber-reinfor- ced composite with porous surface as bone substitue material. University of Turku: Thesis; 2009.
7. Vallittu PK. Bioactive glass-containing cranial implants: An overview. J Mater Sci. 2017; 52: 8772–8784.
8. Zhang H, Darvel BW. Mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite whisker reinforced bis-GMA resin composite, Dental Material. 2012; 28: 824–830.
9. Maji K, Dasgupta S, Kundu B, Bissoyi A. Develpoment of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxya- patite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength. J. Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2015; 26(16): 1190–1209.
10. Herliansyah MK, Hamdi M, Ide-Ektessabi A, Wildan MW, Toque JA. The influence of sintering temperature on the properties of compacted bovine hydroxyapatite. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 2009; 29: 1674–1680.
11. Bundela H, Bajpai AK. Designing of hydro- xyapatite-gelatin based porous matrix as bone substitute: correlation with biocompatibility aspect, Express Polimer Letters. 2008; 2(3):201–213.
12. Fonseca RB, Marques AS, Bernades KO, Carlo HL, Naves LZ. Effect of glass fiber incorporation on flexural properties of expe- rimental composite, Biomed Research Inter- national. 2014: 1–6.
13. Zafar MS, Al-Samadani KH. Potential use of natural silk for bio-dental applications. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2014; 9(3): 171–177.
14. Wong RCW, Tideman HL, Kin MAW. Biome- chanics of mandibular reconstruction: A review. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2010; 39: 313–319.
15. Fransiska A. Pengaruh volumetrik silk fiber Bombyx mori terhadap penyerapan air dan kekuatan fleksural fiber reinforced composite. Universitas Gadjah Mada: Tesis; 2017.
16. Shen-zhou L, Jia-jia L, Shu-qi Y, Jian-bing L. Preparation and characterization of silk fibroin/ hydroxyapatite porous composite materials. J Clin Rehabil Tissue Eng Res. 2009; 13(34): 6789–6792.
17. ISO 10477. Dentistry-polymer based crown and bridge materials. Switzerland, ISO. 2004.
18. Tuusa S. Development of craniofacial bone defect reconstruction implant based on fiber- reinforced composite with photopolymerisable resin system. University of Turku, Finland: Thesis; 2007.
19. Amuthakkannan P, Manikandan V, Jappes JTW, Uthayakumar M. Effect of fibre length and fibre concentration on mechanical properties of short basalt fibre reinforced polymer matrix composite. Material Physisc and Mechanics. 2013; 16: 107–117.
20. Koh LD, Cheng Y, Teng CP, Khin YW, Loh XJ, Tee SY, Low M, Ye E, Yu HD, Zhang YW, Han MY. Structures, mechanical properties and applications of silk fibroin materials. Progress in Polymer Science. 2015; 46: 86–110.
21. Van Gaalen S, Kruyt M, Meijer G, Misty A, Mikos A, van den Beucken J, Jansen J, de Groot K, Cancedda R, Olivio C, Yaszemki M, Shert W. Tissue engineering of bone, San Diego, Elsevier. 2008; 560–567.
22. Vittin V, Dobelis M, Middleton J, Limbert G, Knets I. Flexural and creep properties of human jaw compact bone for FEA studies. Computer Method in Biomechanic and Bio- medical Engineering. 2003; 6: 5–6, 299–303.
23. Aitasalo KMJ, Piitulainen JM, Rekola J, Vallittu PK. Craniofacial bone reconstruction with bioactive fiber-reinforced composite implant. Head and Neck. 2014: 722–728.
24. Hautamäki MP, Aho AJ, Alander P, Rekola J, Gunn J, Stranberg N, Vallittu PK. Repair of bone segment defect with surface porous fiber- reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite prothesis: Histomorphometric incorporation model and characterization by SEM, Acta Orthopaedica. 2008; 79: 4, 555–564.
25. Campana V, Milano G, Pagano E, Barba M, Cicione C, Salonna G, Lattanzi W, Logroscino G. Bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery: From basic science to clinical practice. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 2014; 25: 2445–2461.
26. Boyd D, Towler MR, Wren A, Clarkin OM. Comparison of an experimental bone cement with surgical Simplex® P, Spineplex® and Cortoss®. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 2008; 19: 1745–1752.
27. MacDonald K, Price RB, Boyd D. The feasibility and functional performance of ternary borate- filled hydrophilic bone cements: Targeting therapeutic release thresholds for strontium. J Funct Biomater. 2007; 8: 1–18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.31487
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2943
| 
views : 2472
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.