In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Isolates of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) Root

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v14i2.42595

Eti Nurwening Sholikhah(1*), Mahardika Agus Wijayanti(2), Laela Hayu Nurani(3), Mustofa Mustofa(4)

(1) Departemen Farmakologi & Terapi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan UGM, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan UGM, Yogyakarta
(3) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta
(4) Departemen Farmakologi & Terapi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan UGM, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Previous study showed that methanol soluble fractions of Eurycoma longifolia Jack showed a high in vitro antiplasmodial activity, however there is no explanation which isolate is active as antiplasmodial. This study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of 5 isolates of E. longifolia root isolated from methanol soluble fractions. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was tested on two strains of P. falciparum, FCR-3 and D10 while their cytotoxicity was tested on normal Vero cell line. The antiplasmodial activity and the cytotoxicity were presented as the Inhibitory Concentration 50% (IC50) which showed the concentration of isolate which inhibit the Plasmodium or Vero cell line growth 50%. The IC50 value was determined by probit analysis. The selectivity of isolate was determined by calculating the ratio of the cytotoxicity (IC50 on Vero cell line) with the antiplasmodial activity (IC50 on Plasmodium). The results showed that isolate 4 and 5 showed high antiplasmodial activity with IC50 value 2.21-19.02, 13.54-64.73 µg/mL respectively. The cytotoxic/antiplasmodial ratio indicates that isolate 4 and 5 have also high selectivity with value 11.74-68.75 for isolate 4, and 66.01-316.51 for isolate 5. For conclusion, the isolate 4 and 4 showed the high aniplasmodial activity with the high selectivity




Keywords


Eurycoma longifolia, antiplasmodial activity, citotoxicity, in vitro

Full Text:

PDF


References

Ang, H. H., Chan, K. L., & Mak, J. W. 1995. In vitro antimalarial activity of quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia against Malaysian chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates. Planta Med. 61: 177-178. Bedir, E., Abou-Gazar, H., Ngwendson, J. N., & Khan, I. A. 2003. Eurycomaside: A new quassinoid from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 51(11): 1301-1303. Chan, K.L., O’Neill, M.J., Philippson, J.D., Warhurst, D.C., 1986. Plants as sources of antimalarial drugs. Part 3 Eurycoma longifolia. Planta Medica 52: 105-107. Gessler, M.C., Nkunya, M.H.N., Mwasumbi, L.B., Heinrich, M., Tonner, M. 1994. Screening Tanzanian Medical Plants for Antimalarial Activity. Acta-Trop. 55:65-67. Hughes, D., & Mehmet, H. 2003. Cell Proliferation & Apoptosis, BIOS Scientific Publishers Ltd, Oxford, 19-20. Jiwadinda, S., Santisopasri, V., Murakami, A., Hirai, N., & Ohigashi, H. 2001. Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia as plant growth inhibitors. Phytochemistry 58:956-962. Jiwadinda, S., Santisopasri, V., Murakami, A., Kawanaka, M., Kawanaka, H., Gasquet, M., Eilas, R., Balansard, G., & Ohigashi, H. 2002. In vitro anti-tumor promoting and anti-parasitic activities of the quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia, a medicinal plant in Southeast Asia. J. Etnopmarmacol. 82: 55-58. Mardisiswojo, S. & Radjakmangunsudarso. 1975. Cabe puyang warisan nenek moyang. Karya Wreda, Jakarta. Mustofa & Sholikhah, E.N. 2007. Aktivitas antiplasmodium in vitro dan in vivo fraksi yang diperoleh dari ekstrak metanol pasak bumi (Eurycoma. Longifolia Jack) yang secara tradisional digunakan mengobati malaria di Kalimantan Selatan. Majalah Obat Tradisional., 11: 25-30. Mustofa & Qamariah, N. 2004. In vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of aqueous. methanol and chloroform extracts akar pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) traditionally used to treat malaria in South Kalimantan. Medika, 3: 147-152. Ridzuan, M.A.M., Sow, A, Rain A., N., Ilham A., M., Zakiah, I. 2007. Eurycoma longifolia extract-artemisinin combination: parasitemia suppression of Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice. Trop Biomed, 24(1):111-8. Syamsuhidayat, S. S. 1997. Inventarisasi tanaman obat Indonesia IV. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v14i2.42595

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1907 | views : 2521

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Majalah Farmaseutik Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons Licence
 
 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.