Comparison of Methanol, Ethyl Acetates and Chloroform Extracts of Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith in Larvisidal Activities on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidee) Larvae

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v13i2.40918

Tri Murini(1*), Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih(2), Tri Baskoro T.Satoto(3)

(1) Departemen Farmakologi dan Terapi
(2) Departemen Farmakologi dan Terapi
(3) Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The resistance of mosquito larvae to conventional larvicides has been increased in the recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new larvacides from natural materials. Previous studies showed that Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith has a potential ability as a larvicide in Artemia salina Leach and Anopheles nunestovary. Nevertheless, the use of different solvents to observe the best larvicidal activity has not been known. This study aims to assess the larvicidal activity of methanol extract, ethyl acetate, and chloroform in Aedes aegypti  larvae. This is an exploratory laboratory study with the posttest-only control group. The extraction solvents used were methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. Twenty-five instar larvae (III-IV) of Ae.aegypti were treated with seven different concentrations of the three Z. rhizome extracts. The mortality rate of the larvae was calculated and analyzed using probit analysis regression to obtain LC50 and LC90 values. The LC50 of the methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts are 153.57, 185.80, 3542.03 ppm; while the LC90 are 226.59, 274.70, and 5567.24 ppm, respectively. The study suggested that the methanol extract of Z. zerumbet rhizome has the most robust larvicidal activity against third-fourth instar larvae of Ae. aegypti among other extracts.

Keywords


Extract, Z.zerumbet, larvisidal, Ae.aegypti, LC50

Full Text:

PDF


References

Begum, S.M.I., Durga A., Mary R.R., Vithiya, B.S.M., Elumalai K., 2014 Evaluation of Larvicidal Activity of Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae) Leaf Extract Against the Dengue vector Aedes aegypti and Bancroftian Filariasis vector, Culex quinquivasciatus. Indian Journal of applied Research 4 (8) 664-666. Chien, T.Y., Chen, L.G., Lee, C.J., and Wang, C.C., 2008. Anti-inflamatory constituens of Zingiber zerumbet, Food Chemistry, vol 11 (3) 584-589. Dae, S.J., Han, A.R., Park,G., Jhon, G.J., and Seo, E.K., 2004. Flavonoids and aromatic compounds from the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet, Archives of Pharmacal. Reseach, vol 27(4) 386-389. Diniz, M.M.C.S.L., Henriques, A.D.S., Leandro, R.S., Aguiar, D.L., and Beserr, E.B. 2014. Resistance Of Aedes Aegypti To Temephos And Adaptive Disadvantages. Rev Saúde Pública.; vol.48(5):775-782 . Finney, D.J., 1971. Probit Analysis; A Statistical treatment of sigmoid response curve, Cambridge, 67-79. Govindarajan, M., Ramya, A and Sivakumar, R., 2014. Mosquito larvicidal properties of Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae) against Anopheles stepheni, Aedes aegypti, & Culex quinfasciatus (Diptera : Culicidae) Indian J.Med.Res.438-440. Grisales, N., Poupardin, R.,, Gomez, S.,, Fonseca-Gonzalez, I., Ranson, H., 2013. Temephos Resistance in Aedes aegypti in Colombia Compromises DengueVector Control. PLoS Negleted Tropical Diseases.; vol.7(9): e2438 1-10. Hashemi, S.R., Zulkifli, I., Bejo, M.H., Farida A., and Somchit, M.N.,2008, Acute toxicity study and phytochemical screening of selected herbal aqueous extract in broiler chicken, International Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 4(5) 352-360. Kovendan, K., Murugan, K.,Vincent, S., 2012. Evaluation of larvicidal activity of Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. (Euphorbiaceae) leaf extract against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi, dengue vector, Aedesaegypti and Bancroftian filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera : Culicidae), Parasitol. Res. 110 (2): 571-81. Marathagavalli, S., Brindha, S., Kaviyarasi.,N.S., Annadurai, B.,Gangwar, S.K., 2012. Mosquitoes larvicidal activity of leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica), I.J.A.B.R., vol.2(1) 138-142. Marimuthu, G., Rajamohan, S., Mohan, R., Krisnamoorthy, Y., 2012. Larvicidal and ovicidal properties of leaf and seed extracts of Delonix elata (L)Gamble (family :Fabaceae) against malaria (Anopheles stephensi Liston) and dengue (Aedes aegypti (linn) (Diptera : Culicidae) vector mosquitoes., Parasitol Res. 111 (1) 65-77. Mulyatno, K.C., Yamanaka, A., Ngadino, Konish, E., 2012. Resistance Of Aedes Aegypti (L.) Larvae To Temephos In Surabaya, Indonesia. Southeast Asian Journal Tropical Medical Public Health. 2012; 43( 1), 29-33. Murini, T., Satoto, T.B., Wahyuningsih M.S.H., 2014 Eksplorasi beberapa tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai larvisida Aedes aegypti (Dipterae : Culicidae)., dalam Prosiding Peluang dan tantangan Obat Tradisional dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Formal, Yogyakarta, 305-309, ISBN : 978-602-70191-0-2. Prasetyowati, H., Hendri, J., Wahono, T., 2016. Status Resistensi Aedes aegypti (Linn.) terhadap Organofosfat di Tiga Kotamadya DKI Jakarta. BALABA.; 12 (1): 23-30. World Health Organization, 2005. Guidelines forLaboratory and Field Testing of Mosqiuto Larvicides. Dikutip. dari :http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2005/ WHO CDS WHO PES GC DPP



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v13i2.40918

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1740 | views : 6676

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Majalah Farmaseutik Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons Licence
 
 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.