Catatan Awal Kongsi Tionghoa di Tanjungpinang Awal Abad ke-20
Zulfa Saumia(1*)
(1) Alumni Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This article aims to reveal the competition, power struggles and influence of the Chinese kongsi in the Tanjungpinang Chinese community in the 20th century. The research method used is the historical method through literature and archive studies by tracing sources in the form of books, government archives, magazines, and newspapers. The results of this study indicate that in Tanjungpinang there were various kongsis such as Tjaap Seng (arak), Eng Bie (tobacco) and Nan Yang (tobacco), Ngee Heng, Quan Teck Hoe, and Gagak Putih. Each kongsis in Tanjungpinang consists of various groups ranging from traders and coolies and has a base all the way to the countryside. Each of them has the same goal, namely control over territory and the economy. To achieve this goal, it is important to get help from local authorities which ends in conflicts like the one between Ngee Heng's kongsi and Quan Teck Hoe.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Arsip yang Belum Dipublikasikan
Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Koloniaal Verslag,1862.
Koloniaal Verslag, 1915
Koloniaal Verslag, 1924
Regeerings- Almanak voor Nederlandsch- Indie, 1912,
Alg Sec GB TZG AG No 7659, “Vervolg Memorie Betreffende de Residentie Riouw”.
W Schols, MvO, 1938.
P Wink, MvO, 1930.
BB No 3488, “Kantoor voor Chineesche Zaken No 320”, Batavia Centrum, den 30 September 1931.
Majalah dan Surat Kabar
Algemeen Handelsblad ,“Riouw”, 25-05-1912.
De Indische Courant, “Het Drama op Riouw de Vermoorde Britische Planter”, 24-05-1929.
De Maasbode, “Uit Onze Oost: De Chineezen Kwestie”, 05-03-1913 No 12325.
Het Nieuws van Den Dag Voor Nederlandsch, “Twintig jaar wegens moord”, 27-12-1938.
Het Nieuws,“De Moord op Riouw”, 21-05-1929 No 112
Nieuwe Venlosche Courant,“Oost Indie: Alleen Tusschen Chineezen, Door Koelies Afgemaakt een Drama op Riouw”, 17-06-1929.
Provicianle Drentsche en Asser Courant, “Nieuws Uit Indie een Engelsche Planter Vermoord”, 13-06-1929.
Artikel Jurnal
Chan, Ying-kit (2016). ‘The Founding of Singapore and the Chinese Kongsis of West Borneo (ca.1819–1840). Journal of Cultural Interaction in East Asia 7: 99-121.
Sugiri Kustedja (2016). ‘Republik’ Lanfang Kongsi di Kalimantan Barat’. Jurnal Sosioteknologi 15,2: 255–266.
Trocki, Carl A (1976). ‘The Origins of the Kangchu System 1740–1860’. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 49, 2: 132–133.
Ibrahim et al (2019). ‘From Kongsi to Sakan: Tracking the Transformation of Chinese Influence in the Worker Organization and Tin Production on Bangka Island’. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 353 012044. Doi: 10.1088/1755–1315/353/1/012044.
Buku
Ali Haji Ibn Ahmad, Raja. (1982). The Precious Gift (Tuhfat Al-Nafis). Translated by Barbara Andaya & Virginia Matheson. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.
Begbie, Peter James. (1967). The Malayan Peninsula. Oxford University Press
Buckley, Charles B. (1902). An Anecdotal History of Old Times in Singapore. Singapore: First Published Singapore.
Comber, Leon. (1959). Chinese Secret Societies in Malaya: A Survey of the Triad Society from 1800–1900. New York: Locust Valley.
Heidhues, Mary Somers (2008). Penambang Emas, Petani, dan Pedagang di “Distrik Tionghoa” Kalimantan Barat. Jakarta: Yayasan Nabil.
Natasya Yunita Sugiastuti. (2003). Tradisi Hukum Cina Negara dan Masyarakat: Studi Mengenai Peristiwa-peristiwa Hukum di Pulau Jawa Zaman Kolonial 1870-1942. UI: Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Hukum.
Purcell, Victor (1967). Orang-orang China di Tanah Melayu. Nik Hasnaa Nik Mahmood. Oxford University Press.
Tagliacozzo, Eric (2005). Secret Trades, Porous Borders: Smuggling and States Along a Southeast Asian Frontier, 1865–1915. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Tanpa nama. (1994). Buku Sejarah Sekolah Toan Pun di Kepulauan Riau, Tiongkok: Penerbit Hokkian Nan Peng. (buku asli bahasa dan tulisan “Cina”)
Trocki, Carl. (2013). Prince of Pirates: The Temanggongs and the Development of Johor and Singapore 1784–1885. Singapore: NUS Press.
Artikel dalam Buku
Trocki, Carl A. (2016). “Knowledge Management in the World of 18th Century Chinese Business In Dunn, Janet (eds), Proceedings: The Third International Research Conference ‘Chinese Entrepreneurship and Asian Business Networks’“ Value creation through knowledge Governance, 22 (2).
Lyons, L., Ford, M. (2013). The Chinese of Karimun: Citizenship and Belonging at Indonesia’s Margins. In Siew-Min Sai, Chang-Yau Hoon (eds), Chinese Indonesians Reassessed: History, Religion and Belonging. London and New York: Routledge.
Disertasi, Tesis, dan Skripsi
Peng, Wang Tai (1977). (A Thesis, “The Origins of Chinese Kongsi With Special Reference to West Borneo”, Australian National University, Australia)
Xiaodong, Xu (2015), “Genesis as a Growth Triangle in South East Asia: A Study of Economic Connections Between Singapore, Johor and Riau Islands 1870–1970s”, Doctoral Thesis, Universiteit Leiden, http:// hdl.handle.net/1887/360622015-11-04 diakses pada 24-08-2017.
Wawancara
Joni (Huang Chuang), Senggarang, 13-12-2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.68597
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1417 | views : 1729Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Lembaran Sejarah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.