* Corresponding Author
RETHINKING RELIGION THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPROACH TO INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF UNDERSTANDING RELIGION IN THE NAGA SOCIETY
https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.15510 Lemwang Chuhwanglim(1*), Yahya Wijaya(2), Mark Woodward(3)
(1) Inter-Religious Studies Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Theology, Duta Wacana Christian University, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Anthropology, Arizona State University, United States
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Religion in society has been a complex study for both academic and non-academic disciplines. Defining
religion had become an issue since the beginning of world religions. This issue will continue to remain in
society, unless world religions avoid imposed definition of religion from the world religions’ perspective.
This research aims to study about how religion had been defined by many scholars theologically, politically,
culturally, contextually, and how such different approaches never reach the consensus of understanding
toward defining religion. In many cases, the definition of religion was imposed by scholars who have
power of knowledge and intellectual in the discipline of world religions. The power of defining religion
from the world religions’ perspective becomes challenging for people, such as indigenous people who
continue to practice their religion from the origin of their fore-parents until today. Religion defined by
world religions from the transcendental perspective had led to discrimination against other indigenous
religions in various parts of the world, such as the Naga people in India.
Keywords
References
] Aragon, Lorraine V. 2000. Fields of the Lord:Animism, Christian Minorities & State Development in Indonesia, Honolulu:University of Hawaii Press.
] Ashram, Akhil B. V. K. 2006. Christian Conversions and Terrorism in North-East India. Presentation. A Shree Multimedia Vision Ltd.
] Baldick, Chris. 2001. Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary of Terms, New York: Oxford University Press.
] Bell, Catherine. 2012. “Paradigms behind (And before) the Modern Concept of Religion”. History and Theory,45(4):27-46. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3874095.
] Bill Newman Ministries Report. 1998. “From Headhunters to Christ!” Web.Retrieved from .
] Bird-David, Nurit. 1999. ‘Animism’ Revisited:Personhood Environment and Relational Epistemology. The Wenner-Gren Foundation For Anthropological Research. The University of Chicago Press.
] Castro, Eduardo Viveiros de. 1998.“Cosmological Deixis and Amerindian Perspectivism”. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute,4(3). Great Britain and Ireland.
] Chenloisho Students’ Union 2014. Golden Jubilee Souvenir 1964 – 2014.Kohima: S.P. Printers.
] Clark, M. 1978. A Corner in India, Philadelphia:American Baptist Publication Society.
] Douglas, Tara. 2010. Nagaland North East India. Unpublished.
] Durkheim, Emile. 1976. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. Joseph Ward Swain (Trans.), London: George Alien & Unwin Ltd.
] Frykenberg, Robert Eric. 2008. Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present.Henry and Owen Chedwick (Eds),New York: Oxford University Press.
] Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph Von. 1938.Through the Unexplored Mountains of Assam-Burma Border, 91(3):201-216.Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1787539.
] _________. 1950. Youth Dormitories and Community House in India. Anthropos Institute, 45(1/3):119-144. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40450833.
] Geaves, Ronald. 2005. “The Dangers of Essentialism: South Asian Communities in Britain and the ‘World Religions’ Approach to the Study of Religions,” Contemporary South Asia, 14 (1):75–90.
] Geertz, Clifford. 1973. The Interpretation of Culture: Selected Essays, New York:Basic Book, Inc.
] Goldsmith, Amrit Kr. 2008. “The American Baptist Christians in North-east India.” Ishani, 2(4).
] Guerrero. M.A. Jaimes. 2005. “Native Womenism: Exemplars of Indigenism in sacred Traditions of Kingship.”In Indigenous Religion a Companion. Graham Harvey (Ed), London:Cassell.
] Harvey, Graham (Ed). 2000. Indigenous Religion a Companion. London: Cassell.
] Horton, Robin. 2013. “A Definition of Religion, and its Uses”. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 90(2).Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2844344.
] Hutton. J. H. 1921. The Angami Naga, London:Machmillan and Co., Limited St.Martin’s Street. Directed by the Assam Administration.
] Imchen, Panger. 1993. Ancient Ao Naga Religion and Culture. Delhi: Har-Anand.
] Ingold, Tim. 2006. “Rethinking the Animate,Re-Animating Thought.” Ethnos:Journal of Anthropology, 71(1):9-20.
] James. William. 2000. The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study of Human Nature.Pennsylvania State University.
] Kamei, Dr Budha. 2011. Heraka: The primordial religion. Retrieved from http://www.thesangaiexpress.com/4123-herakathe-primordialreligion/.
] Konyak Baptist Church Mon. 2002. Golden Jubilee History (Konyak Baptist Church Mon Town.
] Konyak Union Silver Jubilee Souvenir. 2006.Planning Committee, Silver Jubilee Konyak Union, Mon.
] Kulikovsky, Andrew S. 2000. God’s “omni”Attributes. Retrieved from http://hermeneutics.kulikovskyonline.net/hermeneutics/omni.pdf.
] Longchar, Wati. 2005. An Exploration of a Theological Framework: Indigenous People’s Perspective.
] Longkumar, Arkotong. 2010. Reform, Identity and Narratives of Belonging: The Heraka Movement in Northeast India. London:Continuum International Publishing Group.
] Maarif, Samsul. 2012. “Dimensions of Religious Practice The Ammatoans of Sulawesi, Indonesia”.Dissertation,Arizona: Arizona State University.
] Mills, J.P. 1926. “Certain Aspect of Naga Culture”. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 56:27-35. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2843597.
] Morrison, Kenneth M. 2000. “The Cosmos As Intersubjective: Native American Other-than-human Persons”. In Indigenous Religion a Companion.Graham Harvey (Ed), London:Cassell.
] Nagaland Baptist Church Council. 1997. From Darkness to Light. Nagaland Baptist Church Council.
] Nuh, V.K. 2006. 165 Years History of Naga Baptist Churches. Kohima: MEK,Research Department.
] Philip, P. T. 1999. The Growth of Baptist Churches in Nagaland. Guwahati:Christian Literature Center.
] Rabb, Theodore K, and Rotberg, Robert I.(Eds.). 1973. The Family in History:Interdisciplinary Essays, New York:Harper & Row.
] Ritzer. George. 2011. Sociological Theory Eight Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill.
] Spiro, Melford E. 2006. Religion: Problems of Defintion and Explanation.Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Religion. M. Banton (Ed.). London:Tavistock.
] Turner, Bryan S. 1999. Classical Sociology,London: Sage Publication Ltd.
] Zeliang, N.C. 2005. Westernization Threat to Naga Culture. Zeliangrong Heraka Association.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.15510
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3015
| 
views : 2218
| views : 2218
| views : 2218
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Lemwang Chuhwanglim, Yahya Wijaya, Mark Woodward
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Kawistara is published by the Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada.