Melangkah Maju, Namun Terhalang: Kegagalan Representasi Politik Pemuda Thailand dalam Isu Demokratisasi Pasca-Pemilu 2019
Rizky Demas Arjunanda(1*)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Tren kemunduran demokrasi global telah memicu gerakan pemuda, khususnya mereka yang berusia 15–24 tahun, yang memperjuangkan demokratisasi di wilayah seperti Hong Kong, Myanmar, dan Thailand. Meskipun menarik perhatian yang signifikan, gerakan-gerakan ini sebagian besar diabaikan oleh institusi representasi, sementara kekuasaan dan pengaruh tetap terkonsentrasi secara tidak proporsional di tangan kelompok-kelompok yang tertanam kokoh, yang mengakibatkan ketimpangan representasi politik. Studi ini berfokus pada gerakan pemuda Thailand pasca-Pemilu 2019. Meskipun mencapai keberhasilan elektoral, seruan gerakan mengenai demokratisasi dan reformasi monarki sering terabaikan oleh representatif terpilih. Studi sebelumnya tentang kultur politik dan pembangunan institusi sering kali mengabaikan masalah representasi dalam sistem yang hanya secara formal demokratis. Menggunakan konsep demokrasi yang terdepolitisasi dari Törnquist dan metode kualitatif, studi ini membahas celah ini. Temuan Studi menunjukkan bahwa terdepolitisasinya isu demokratisasi dan terfragmentasinya gerakan pemuda menciptakan ketimpangan representasi politik. Dalam demokrasi cacat seperti Thailand, elite politik menggunakan mekanisme konstitusional untuk melanggengkan kekuasaannya, menciptakan ilusi demokrasi. Studi ini juga menyoroti tantangan yang dihadapi pemuda dalam menyatukan gerakannya. Pada akhirnya, studi ini menekankan pemuda sebagai kekuatan sosio-politik yang sedang berkembang di Thailand dan memberikan wawasan tentang kemunduran demokrasi yang lebih luas di Asia Tenggara.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.94628
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