Infeksi Virus Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) pada Kambing dan Domba di Indonesia

Indrawati Sendow; Raden Mohamad Abdul Adjid

doi:10.22146/jsv.34665

Infeksi Virus Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) pada Kambing dan Domba di Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34665

Indrawati Sendow^(1*), Raden Mohamad Abdul Adjid⁽²⁾

(1) Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner Bogor
(2) Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner Bogor
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) merupakan salah satu penyakit virus pada kambing dan domba yang ditandai dengan peradangan pada saluran pencernaan dan pernafasan. Penyakit ini masuk dalam “daftar penyakit” yang dibuat oleh OIE. Keberadaan penyakit ini di Indonesia belum pernah dilaporkan sehingga perlu dilakukan surveilan secara serologis pada kambing dan domba untuk mendapatkan informasi awal keberadaan antibodi terhadap virus PPR. Sebanyak 680 sampel serum kambing dan domba yang berasal dari Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Jakarta dan pedagang/pengumpul kambing dan domba di Jakarta pada tahun 2014 telah dikoleksi. Hasil pengujian dengan uji kompetitif ELISA yang menggunakan antigen inaktif (recombinant nucleoprotein- NP), menunjukkan bahwa telah terdeteksi antibodi terhadap virus PPR dengan prevalensi 0,2% pada kambing dan 1,7 % pada domba asal RPH Jakarta. . Berdasarkan lokasi asal ternak yang masuk ke RPH Jakarta, prevalensi tertinggi diperoleh dari Indramayu (2,8%), Solo 0.75%. Serum yang positif, beberapa negatif dan dubius tersebut kemudian diuji untuk dikonfirmasi di Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) menggunakan uji ELISA dan menunjukkan hasil yang konsisten yaitu tetap positif atau negatif. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengambilan sampel serum dari domba dan kambing di beberapa kabupaten Indramayu pada tahun 2016. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel sebanyak 326 sera telah diuji dengan uji ELISA hasilnya negatif. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa infeksi PPR masih sangat rendah, namun hasil ini dapat menunjukkan indikasi awal adanya infeksi PPR di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, kewaspadaan terhadap meningkatnya kejadian infeksi PPR di Indonesia perlu mendapat perhatian.

Keywords

Virus Peste de petits ruminant; serologi; ELISA; domba; kambing

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34665