Studi Simulasi pada Unit Reformer Primer di PT Pupuk Sriwidjaya Palembang
Sigit Abdurrakhman(1*), Sutijan(2), Muslikhin Hidayat(3)
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(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Pabrik amonia merupakan salah satu pabrik yang terdapat di industri pupuk. Unit Reformer Primer merupakan salah satu alat di pabrik amonia yang merupakan tempat terjadinya reaksi katalitik antara steam dengan metana dikenal dengan proses steam methane reforming. Bahan baku utama adalah steam (H2O) dan gas alam dengan kandungan utama metana (CH4). Penelitian ini membuat model proses unit Reformer Primer untuk menghitung profil temperatur, tekanan dan komposisi untuk kondisi operasi steady state dengan berdasarkan kondisi operasi di pabrik Amonia Pusri 3 PT Pupuk Sriwidjaya Palembang.
Asumsi yang digunakan adalah plug flow baik pada sisi furnace maupun pada sisi reaktor katalitik dan kondisi steady state. Untuk menyelesaikan persamaan diferensial ordiner yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dipakai metode Runge Kutta dengan program SciLab sehingga didapat profil konversi dan temperatur di Reformer Primer. Variabel yang mempengaruhi dalam reaksi di Reformer Primer adalah temperatur, tekanan, dan komposisi.
Hasil simulasi jika dibandingkan dengan data operasional pabrik menunjukkan ralat rerata 3,94 %. Jika model tersebut digunakan pada berbagai kondisi operasi menghasilkan ralat rerata 7,01 %.
Kata kunci: reformer primer, metana, steam, amonia
Ammonia plant is the main part of fertilizer industry. Primary reformer is an unit operation where catalytic reaction between steam and methane take place, or it is known as steam methane reforming. The main raw material is steam (H2O) and natural gas with major content of methane (CH4). The objective of this research was to develop primary reformer unit process model to calculate temperature, pressure and composition profiles for steady state operation according to operating condition on Ammonia III plant in PT Pupuk Sriwidjaya Palembang.
The assumption used was plug flow model both on the furnace side and on the catalytic reactor side for steady state conditions. The ordinary differential equations were solved using Runge Kutta method with Scilab software to get the conversion, pressure and temperature profiles on primary reformer. Variabels evaluated were temperature, pressure, and composition.
The simulation result showed that an average error of 3.94 % compared to the operational plant data. For various operating conditions this simulation showed an average error of 7.01 %.
Keyword: primary reformer, methane, steam, ammonia
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.4693
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