* Corresponding Author
Mekanisme Fouling pada Membran Mikrofiltrasi Mode Aliran Searah dan Silang
https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.40458 Iqbal Shalahuddin(1), Yusuf Wibisono(2*)
(1) Kurita Indonesia PT, Jalan Jababeka XIIA No. V-6, Cikarang Utara, Bekasi 17530
(2) MILI Water Research Institute, PO Box 301 ML, Malang 65101 Program Studi Teknik Bioproses, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 1, Malang 65145
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
Microfiltration is a low pressure driven membrane process of about 1 bar trans-membrane pressure which is used frequently for separating dissolved particles within 0.1 to 10 μm size. Microfiltration membranes are utilized in water and wastewater treatment processes either during pretreatment, treatment, or post-treatment steps. Moreover in bioprocessing, microfiltration is used in upstream process for substrate sterilization or in downstream process for microbial suspension separation. Fouling is one major concern of membrane filtration processes, including microfiltration. In this article, the fouling mechanism on microfiltration membrane is explained based on the blocking model refer to cake filtration due to the complexity of fouling phenomena. Fouling mechanism on dead-end and cross-flow modes microfiltration are explained, and basically distinguished into four different mechanisms, i.e. complete blocking, standard blocking, intermediate blocking and cake filtration. The proposed models are based on constant pressure operation on the uniform membrane pores, both for dead-end and cross-flow modes. Cross-flow mode, however, is restricted on the beginning of filtration until critical flux condition is reached.
Keywords: bioprocess; blocking model; cake filtration; fouling; microfiltration; wastewater
A B S T R A K
Membran mikrofiltrasi merupakan salah satu teknologi membran yang menggunakan tekanan rendah sekitar 1 bar sebagai gaya pendorong dan digunakan untuk proses pemisahan partikel terlarut yang berukuran antara 0,1 hingga 10 μm. Membran mikrofiltrasi banyak digunakan baik dalam proses pra-pengolahan, pengolahan, maupun pasca-pengolahan air dan air limbah. Pada bioproses, mikrofitrasi juga digunakan pada proses hulu untuk sterilisasi substrat atau pada proses hilir untuk pemisahan suspensi mikrob. Masalah yang paling utama dalam proses filtrasi membran adalah fouling. Dalam artikel ini, mekanisme terjadinya fouling pada membran mikrofiltrasi dijelaskan dengan menggunakan model pemblokiran yang mengacu pada filtrasi deposit partikel (cake) untuk menguraikan kerumitan fenomena fouling dalam mikrofiltrasi. Pada tulisan ini dijelaskan lebih rinci mengenai mekanisme fouling baik pada mikrofiltrasi searah (dead-end) maupun aliran silang (cross-flow). Mekanisme fouling pada proses mikrofiltrasi bisa dimodelkan dengan empat model yaitu pemblokiran pori, penyempitan pori, pemblokiran pori bersamaan dengan endapan permukaan dan formasi endapan permukaan. Mekanisme tersebut berlaku pada kondisi operasional bertekanan tetap dan ukuran pori yang seragam, baik pada aliran searah ataupun silang. Hanya saja, model mekanisme pada aliran silang hanya berlaku pada kondisi awal filtrasi hingga tercapai kondisi fluks kritis.
Kata kunci: air limbah; bioproses; filtrasi cake; fouling; mikrofiltrasi; model pemblokiran
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.40458
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