Pengaruh Penambahan Zeolit Alam Termodifikasi sebagai Media Imobilisasi Bakteri terhadap Dekompisisi Material Organik secara Anaerob

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.26353

Melly Mellyanawaty(1*), Chandra Wahyu Purnomo(2), Wiratni Budhijanto(3)

(1) Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya
(2) Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, 55281
(3) Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aims to determine the effect of modified natural zeolite as microbial immobilization medium for anaerobic decomposition of organic materials. The modification was Fe2+ impregnation into the ring-shaped zeolite. Three different concentrations of Fe2+ solution were used to impregnate the zeolite, i.e. 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 2000 mg/L. The wet impregnation process was conducted. Four variations of Fe2+ concentration deposited into zeolite were prepared, i.e. 0 mgFe2+/gZeo (as control), 0.0016 mgFe2+/gZeo, 0.0156 mgFe2+/gZeo and 0.3125 mgFe2+/gZeo. The modified zeolite was added to the batch anaerobic reactor, which filled with the volume ratio of liquid substrate and zeolite of 1:1 for all variations of media. Distillery spent wash was used as the substrate in this study. The soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (sCOD) value of the substrate was homogenized at 10000 mg/L. Effluent digester of cow manure bio digester was added as inoculum. The volume ratio of distillery spent wash to the inoculum was 2:1. The anaerobic process was conducted for 28 days.The performance of four media in the anaerobic digestion of distillation spent wash was measured in terms of sCOD, total solid (TS), and volatile solid (VS). The comparison among media was more accurately and conclusively represented by sCOD value. The visual analysis of sCOD trend during 28 days indicated that zeolite with 0.0156 mgFe/gZeo resulted in the highest sCOD removal of 66.73%. Meanwhile, zeolite with 0.3125 mgFe/gZeo increased the production of biogas by the highest percentage of 43% to be compared to control. Generally speaking, the addition of Fe2+ into zeolit led to higher removal of sCOD and produced more biogas than control.


ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zeolit alam termodifikasi sebagai media imobilisasi terhadap dekomposisi material organik pada proses anaerobic digestion. Modifikasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara mengimpregnasi ion besi(Fe2+)ke dalam zeolit yang telah dibentuk menjadi cincin Raschig. Impregnasi yang dilakukan adalah impregnasi basah. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 3 variasi konsentrasi larutan Fe2+ yaitu 10 mg/L; 100 mg/L dan 2000 mg/L. Dari hasil impregnasi zeolit menggunakan ketiga konsentrasi tersebut diperoleh kadar Fe2+ yang terdeposit ke dalam zeolit berturut-turut: 0,0016 mgFe2+/gZeo; 0,0156 mgFe2+/gZeo; 0,3125 mgFe2+/gZeo dan 0 mgFe2+/gZeo digunakan sebagai kontrol. Zeolit termodifikasi Fe2+ kemudian ditambahkan ke dalam reaktor anaerobik yang dijalankan secara batch. Perbandingan volume media zeolit dan cairan adalah 1:1. Substrat yang digunakan berupa campuran limbah distillery spent wash dengan konsentrasi soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (sCOD) 10.000 mg/L dan keluaran dari digester aktif kotoran sapi sebagai inokulum. Perbandingan volume distillery spent wash terhadap inokulum sebesar 2:1. Proses anaerobik dijalankan selama 28 hari. Jika dibandingkan dengan data Total Solid (TS) dan Volatile Solid (VS), hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa data analisis sCOD memberikan data yang lebih akurat dan konklusif untuk mengukur perubahan material organik dalam proses peruraian anaerobik menggunakan media imobilisasi. Dari keempat variasi kadar Fe2+ yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, Fe2+ dengan kadar 0,0156 mgFe/gZeo memberikan efisiensi penurunan material organik (sCOD) tertinggi yaitu 66,73%. Sedangkan Fe2+ dengan kadar 0,3125 mgFe/gZeo mampu meningkatkan produksi biogas sebesar 43%. Namun secara keseluruhan proses peruraian anaerobik yang menggunakan zeolit termodifikasi Fe2+ menghasilkan biogas lebih banyak daripada kontrol (zeolit tanpa Fe2+).


Keywords


Anaerobic digestion; distillery spent wash; impregnasi Fe; media imobilisasi; zeolit.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.26353

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