Degradasi Substrat Volatile Solid pada Produksi Biogas dari Limbah Pembuatan Tahu dan Kotoran Sapi

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.2452

Budi Nininga Widarti,(1*), Siti Syamsiah(2), Panut Mulyono(3)

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract



Limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi merupakan bahan organik potensial untuk produksi biogas berdasarkan kandungan volatile solid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan volatil solid optimal dari campuran limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi dan untuk memperoleh parameter kinetika degradasi volatile solid untuk pembentukan biogas. Campuran dengan komposisi tertentu dimasukkan ke dalam digester. Untuk mencapai kondisi anaerob, gas N2 dialirkan ke dalam digester, kemudian digester ditutup rapat. Campuran diinkubasi di dalam water bath pada suhu 35oC selama 56 hari. Volume biogas dan pH diukur setiap hari. Metana, volatile fatty acid dan volatile solid dianalisis setiap 7 hari. Karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dalam slurry dianalisis tiga kali selama proses produksi biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan digester dengan kandungan volatile solid 12% menghasilkan yield biogas tertinggi yaitu sebesar 89,522 mL/g volatile solid dengan konsentrasi metana tertinggi 14,68%. Model kinetika degradasi volatile solid dapat didekati dengan model first order reaction.

Kata kunci: Limbah pembuatan tahu, kotoran sapi, volatile solid, biogas

Waste from tofu production and cow dung are potential organic materials for biogas production based on the content of volatile solid. This study aims to determine the optimal content of volatile solid in a mixture of tofu production waste-cow dung and to obtain the kinetic parameters of the degradation of volatile solid to form biogas. A mixture at certain composition is put into digester. To obtain anaerobic condition, N2 gas is flown into the digester, and then the digester is sealed. The mixture is incubated in a water bath at a temperature of 35oC for 56 days. Biogas volume and pH are measured every day. Methane, volatile fatty acids and volatile solid are analyzed every 7 days. Carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the slurry are analyzed three times during the production of biogas. The results showed that digester with 12% volatile solid produces the highest biogas yield of 89.522 mL/g volatile solid, with the highest methane concentration 14.68%. Kinetics model of degradation of volatile solid can be approached by a first order reaction model.

Keyword: waste of tofu production, cow dung, volatile solid, biogas


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.2452

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