Struktur Komunitas Artropoda pada Ekosistem Padi Tanpa Perlakuan Pestisida
Eddy Mahrub(1*)
(1) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Generally, rice ecosystem was les stable because the structure of natural community often change, and it may cause decrease in the natural biodiversity. The research has been done in the lowland ricefield during wet and dry season without pesticides application. Observation was started when the plant (IR64) was 7 days old after transplanting with interval of 8 days until one week before harvest, to collect the arthropods from each samples. The objectives were to study the structure of community of arthropods during wet and dry season and to study food web chain in natural ecosystem and its implementation in the Integrated Pest Management Program. The results showed that in rice ecosystem four arthropod groups or guilds, was found i.e. Pests, Predators, Parasites and Neutral Arthropods. The diversity and species abundance of arthropods were high but the highest abundance of arthropods was found on the member of certain order and family only. The population of pest was lower than predator. The relative abundance of pests were 5.75% in wet season and 8.57% in dry season, while predators were 27.96% in wet season and 33.88% in dry season. The population density of spider predators especially Lycosa sp. during wet and dry season were very high. It was supported by the abundant of neutral arthropods as alternate prey when the pest population was very low. This condition may support negative feed back interaction and increase the potential of natural control in the absence of pesticide application.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Cheng, J. 1995. Arthropod Community Structures in Rice Ecosystem of China. Workshop on Sustainable Insect Pest Management in Tropical Rice. Bogor 5-7 December 1995. 14p.
Hariri, A.M. 1995. Kajian Diversitas dan Kemelimpahan Jenis Serangga pada Pertanaman Kedeiai dengan Perlakuan Insektisida. Tesis Pascasarjana UGM Yogyakarta. 102p.
Kareiva, P. 1996. “Special Features”. Contributions of Ecology to Biological Control. Ecology, 77(7): 1963-1964.
Mahrub, E. 1983. Diversity of Arthropod Pest and Parasitoids in the Lowland and Upland Riceflelds. Thesis for M.Sc. on Entomology, UPLB Philippines Los Banos. 110p.
Mahrub, E.; Untung, K; & Rasdiman, S. 1986. Pengujian Resurgensi Wereng Cokiat dengan Perlakuan Beberapa Pestisida Organofosfat di KP-4 UGM. Laporan Penelitian. 28p.
Mahrub, E.; Untung, K; Santo Sudjono; & Andi, T. 1989. Penanggulangan Hama Padi Wereng Cokiat. (Penelitian di lapangan dan survei). Kerjasama antara BALLITA N Bogor dan Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Yogyakarta. 43p.
O’Brien, R.D. 1978. Integrated Pest Management: A Biological Viewpoint. Dalam E.H. Smith and D. Pirnentel (Eds). Pest Control Strategis. Acad. Press. New York : 23-39.
Oka, I.N. 1995. Pengendalian Hama Terpadu dan Implementasinya di indonesia. Gadjah Mada Univ. Press, Yogyakarta. 255p.
Pimentel, D. 1961. Species Diversity and Insect Population Outbreaks. Ann. Eniomol. Soc. Amer., 54:76-86.
Price, P.W. 1984. Insect Ecology. 2nd. Ed. John Willey. New York. 607p.
Settle, W.H., Hartjahyo Ariawan, Endah Tri Astuti, Widyastama Cahyana, Arief Lukman Hakim, Dadan Hindayana, Alifah Sri Lestari, & Pajarningsih. 1996. “Managing Tropical Rice Pests Through Conservation of Generalist Natural Enemies and Alternative Prey”. Ecology, 77(7): 1975-1988.
Wunn, J., Andreas Kloti, Peter, K. Burkhardt, Gadab C. Ghosh Biswas, Karen Launis, Victor A. Iglesias & Ingo Potrykus. 1996. Transgenic Indica Rice Breeding Line IR 58 Expressing a Synthetic Cry IA(b) Gene From Bacillus thuringiensis Provides Effective Insect Pest control. Bio Technology. Vol. 14. :171-176.
Yasumatsu, K., T. Wongsiri, C. Tirawat, N. Wongsiri, & A. Lewvanich. 1980. Contributions to the Development of Integrated Rice Pest Control in Thailand. Dept. of Agric.Thailand and JICA. l63p.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.9836
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2119 | views : 10303Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 1998 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics