Analisis Aktor Non Negara dan Ketahanan Psikologi: Studi Kasus Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.86516

Anggi Ruslinia(1*), Assifa Aulia Alfa(2), Febry Triantama(3)

(1) Universitas Paramadina
(2) Universitas Paramadina
(3) Universitas Paramadina
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRACT

            The research was conducted with the aim of knowing: (1) the strategies implemented by NGOs, especially SAFEnet and INFID in the process of ratifying the TPKS Bill, and (2) explaining the psychological impact of KBGO victims and the role of the family in handling KBGO.

                The method used is qualitative research through interviews with representatives from SAFEnet and INFID, as well as conducting literature reviews obtained from online mass media, journal articles, books and scientific reports. Afterwards, the data collection method used triangulation using the theory of the Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN) and the theory of psychological resilience.

                The results showed that the TAN concepts such as information politics, symbolic politics, influence politics, and political accountability, SAFEnet and INFID together with networks both nationally and internationally were able to encourage the ratification of the TPKS Bill to become the TPKS Law in advocating legal protection for victims of sexual violence, especially in digital (online) domain. The impact experienced by victims of KBGO can be minimized, reduced or prevented through family support in educating, building communication, protecting to increase psychological resilience

 


 


Keywords


Gender Based Violence Online (KBGO); Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN); INFID; SAFEnet; Psychological Resilience

Full Text:

PDF


References

Amir, M. T., & Standen, P. (2019). Growth-focused resilience: development and validation of a new scale. Management Research Review, 42(6), 681–702. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2018-0151

Anna, S., Puji, A., Bayu, U., Pujo, S., & Herlina, W. (2023). Resolusi Konflik Terhadap Kasus Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online ( KBGO ) di Indonesia Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19. 7(1), 352–362.

Areta A, H., Clarisa, H., & Chatlia Q, S. (2021). Eskalasi Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online Di Masa Pandemi: Studi Penanganan Kasus Pornografi. Jurnal Lex Renaissance, 6(4), 752–769. https://doi.org/10.20885/jlr.vol6.iss4.art8

Arianto, B. (2021). Media Sosial sebagai Ruang Baru Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online di Indonesia. Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial Dan Politik.

Aristi, N., Janitra, P. A., & Prihandini, P. (2021). Fokus narasi kekerasan seksual pada portal berita daring selama pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 9(1), 121. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkk.v9i1.30673

Aulia, J., Isnaini, N., & Yudono, R. M. (2019). Kegagalan Strategi Transnational Advocacy Network dalam Menentang Pengesahan Qanun Jinayat di Aceh. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 12(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v12i1.8978

Awas KBGO. (2019). #AwasKBGO: Kampanye SAFEnet untuk 16 Hari Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan. https://awaskbgo.id/2019/11/25/awaskbgo-kampanye-safenet-untuk-16-hari-anti-kekerasan-terhadap-perempuan/

Caterine, A., Adi, B., & Wahyu, D. (2022). Kebijakan Penegakan Hukum Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO): Studi Urgensi Pengesahan RUU PKS. Jurist-Diction, 5(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.20473/jd.v5i1.32869

Crockett, C., & Vogelstein, R. (2022). Launching the Global Partnership for Action on Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse. White House Goverment. Launching the Global Partnership for Action on Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse

Dondoli, G. (2019). TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY NETWORKS AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW. In Routledge Handbook of Mediterranean Politics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315696577-26

DPR RI. (2020). RUU USULAN KETAHANAN KELUARGA.

DPR RI. (2021). RUU TPKS Payung Hukum Bagi Korban Kekerasan Seksual. https://www.dpr.go.id/berita/detail/id/36115/t/RUU+TPKS+Payung+Hukum+Bagi+Korban+Kekerasan+Seksual

Eriyanti, L. D. (2017). Pemikiran Johan Galtung Tentang Kekerasan dalam Perspektif Feminisme. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(1), 27–37.

Fadilah, A., Aranggraeni, R., & Putri, S. R. (2021). Eksistensi Keamanan Siber terhadap Tindakan Cyberstalking dalam Sistem Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Cybercrime. Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 6(4), 1555. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v6i4.2524

INFID. (2020). International NGO Forum on Indonesian Development ( INFID ). 105, 1–3.

Iqbal, M., & Cyprien, G. (2021). The Urgency of Regulation in the Case of Online Gender-Based Violence in Indonesia. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 16(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v16i2.8132

Keck, M. E., & Sikkink, K. (1998a). Activists beyond Borders. In Activists beyond Borders. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801471292

Keck, M. E., & Sikkink, K. (1998b). Transnational advocacy networks in international and regional politics. Globalization: Causes and Effects, 221–233.

Komnas Perempuan. (2020). Catatan Tahunan Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan: Kekerasan Meningkat: Kebijakan Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual untuk Membangun Ruang Aman Bagi Perempuan dan Anak Perempuan. Komnas Perempuan, 91 hlm. http://www.akrabjuara.com/index.php/akrabjuara/article/view/919

Komnas Perempuan. (2021). Perempuan Dalam Himpitan Pandemi: Lonjakan Kekerasan Siber, Perkawinan Anak, dan Keterbatasan Penanganan di Tengah Covid-19, Catatan Tahunan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Tahun 2020. In Catatan Tahunan Tentnag Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Perempuan (Vol. 1, Issue 3). https://komnasperempuan.go.id/uploadedFiles/1466.1614933645.pdf

Kustiari, C. K., Wibisono, M., & Legionosuko, T. (2018). Diplomasi Pertahanan dan Diplomasi Hak Asasi Manusia Sebagai Penanggulangan Perdagangan Manusia (Studi Industri Perikanan Indonesia). Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan, 4(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.33172/jdp.v4i1.200

Maruli, S., Situmeang, T., & Nurkusumah, I. M. (2021). Situmeang - Pengaturan KBGO. 3(2), 162–177.

Munte, A. (2021). ANALISIS KEAMANAN SIBER DAN HUKUM PIDANA DARI PERSPEKTIF GENDER DAN FILSAFAT POLITIK ALISON M. JAGGAR. Al’Adl Jurnal Hukum, 13(2).

Mustika, S., & Corlina, T. (2022). Komunikasi Keluarga dan Resiliensi pada Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online. Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan, 20(01).

Novitasari, S. D. (2021). Persepsi Generasi Milenial Terhadap Manfaat Mengikuti Program Pendidikan Pranikah Bagi Ketahanan Keluarga (Studi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta). Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 27(2), 250. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.68418

Permana, F. C. (2022). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku “Sekstorsi” dalam Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO). Jurist-Diction, 5(3), 883–898. https://doi.org/10.20473/jd.v5i3.35776

Putra, Y. S., & Wulandini, F. (2022). STRATEGI MEMBANGUN KETAHANAN PSIKOLOGIS KELUARGA DITENGAH PANDEMI COVID – 19 MELALUI PENGUATAN SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP DAN FAMILY ATTACHMENT : STUDI KASUS PADA KELUARGA DI KOTA SALATIGA. Among Makarti, 15(2), 215–232.

Rakhmawati, D., Maulia, D., & Yuliejantiningsih, Y. (2022). Pembanjiran Informasi , Asertivitas Seksual dan Kekerasan Seksual di Perguruan Tinggi. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling : Theory and Application, 11(2), 75–82. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jbk/article/view/60831

Ratnasari, E., Sumartias, S., & Romli, R. (2020). Penggunaan Message Appeals dalam Strategi Pesan Kampanye Anti Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 18(3), 352. https://doi.org/10.31315/jik.v18i3.3844

Restuningtyas, M. Y. (2021). Gender-Based Violence: How Child and Women are Protected? Research Review Quarterly, 7(3), 269–284.

Riska, C., Irianti, S., Supatmi, M., Fransiska, A., Pakasi, D., Nurtjahyo, L., Nurmila, N., Qibtiyah, A., & Sutoyo, N. (2020). MELIHAT LEBIH JAUH ANCAMAN RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG KETAHANAN KELUARGA. Jurnal Advokasi Ketahanan.

Risse-Kappen, T. (1995). Bringing transnational relations back in Non-state actors, domestic structures and international institutions (S. Smith, K. Booth, C. Brown, R. W. Cox, A. Deighton, J. Elshtain, F. Halliday, C. Hill, A. Linklater, R. Little, & R. B. J. Walker (eds.); Vol. 42). Y THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. http://journal.um-surabaya.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/2203

SAFEnet. (2019). Memahami dan Menyikapi Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online: Sebuah Panduan. Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network, 20. https://id.safenet.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Panduan-KBGO-v2.pdf

SAFEnet. (2021). Laporan Situasi Hak-Hak Digital Indonesia 2020 Represi Digital Di Tengah Pandemi. Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet), 1–10. https://koran.tempo.co/read/cover-story/459058/tahun-represi-digital

SAFEnet. (2022). Laporan Situasi Hak-hak Digital Indonesia 2021 TAPI.

SAFEnet. (2023). The Collapse Of Our Digital Rights.

Samudro, E. G., & Madjid, M. A. (2020). Pemerintah Indonesia Menghadapi Bencana Nasional Covid -19 Yang Mengancam Ketahanan Nasional. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 26(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.56318

Sanusi, T. (2021, November 17). Online Gender-Based Violence: What You Need to Know. Global Citizen. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/what-is-online-gender-based-violence-2/

Sari, N. (2021). Studi tentang kekerasan berbasis gender online. Jurnal Dewantara, XI(01), 94–103. http://www.ejournal.iqrometro.co.id/index.php/pendidikan/article/view/162

Sugiyono. (2013). METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF KUALITATIF DAN R&D. Penerbit Alfabeta.

Susanti, E. (2022). Peran Perempuan Pesisir Terhadap Ketahanan Keluarga Pasca Bencana Alam Gempa Bumi Di Desa Maliaya, Kabupaten Majene Tahun 2021. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 27(3), 417. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.70466

Susilo, D., & Haezer, E. (2017). Konstruksi Seksualitas Perempuan Dalam Berita Pemerkosaan Di Teks Media Daring. Jurnal Kawistara, 7(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.15636

Tarrow, S. (2005). The New Transnational Activism. In CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

UN WOMEN. (2020). The Shadow Pandemic: Violence against women during COVID-19. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/in-focus-gender-equality-in-covid-19-response/violence-against-women-during-covid-19

UN WOMEN. (2021). COVID-19 and violence against women: What the data tells us. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/feature-story/2021/11/covid-19-and-violence-against-women-what-the-data-tells-us

United Nations. (, April). COVID-19 could lead to millions of unintended pregnancies, new UN-backed data reveals. 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1062742

Utami, D. A. (2021). KEKERASAN SEKSUAL MELALUI INTERNETDITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF GENDER. NOURA: JURNAL KAJIAN GENDER DAN ANAK, 5 (1), 31–40. https://jurnal.lp2msasbabel.ac.id/index.php/nou/article/view/2244/931

Widyastuti. (2021). Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online dalam Ranah Personal. Najwa: Jurnal Muslimah Dan Studi Gender, 1(1), 19–29. https://jurnal.staiddimakassar.ac.id/index.php/njmsg/article/view/68

Zikra, E., & Tantimin. (2022). Penegakan dan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Kejahatan Seksual Maupun Pemerasan Pada Aplikasi Online Dating. Jurnal Hukum Sasana, 8(1), 201–218. https://doi.org/10.31599/sasana.v8i1.1070



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.86516

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4137 | views : 12666

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2023 Anggi Ruslinia, Assifa Aulia Alfa, Febry Triantama

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


web
analytics View My Stats