Penilian Risiko Paparan Debu Silika Terhadap Pekerja di Industri Pengolahan Bijih Mineral

Edi Karyono Putro; Saskia Nur Fadhilah Kusnadi; Arif Susanto; Miftahul Zannah; Rizky Mahalisa; Anthony Andorful Manuel

doi:10.22146/jkesvo.87667

Penilian Risiko Paparan Debu Silika Terhadap Pekerja di Industri Pengolahan Bijih Mineral

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.87667

Edi Karyono Putro⁽¹⁾, Saskia Nur Fadhilah Kusnadi^(2*), Arif Susanto⁽³⁾, Miftahul Zannah⁽⁴⁾, Rizky Mahalisa⁽⁵⁾, Anthony Andorful Manuel⁽⁶⁾

(1) Department HSE Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia. Program Doktor Teknik Lingkungan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
(2) Departmen HSE Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia. Program Studi Teknologi Lingkungan Institut Teknologi Bandung
(3) Departmen HSE Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia Program Doktor Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia Magister Terapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Department HSE Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia
(5) Department HSE Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia
(6) Department Technical Service Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Proses industri bijih mineral menghasilkan debu silika yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan pekerja. Komposisinya bersifat karsinogenik dan dapat melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB).

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko paparan debu silika terhadap tiga jenis sistem rotasi kerja di industri pengolahan bijih mineral.

Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah metodologi kuantitatif Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dengan menghitung nilai Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) sesuai dengan kondisi jalur paparan, agen risiko, serta sistem rotasi kerja. Analisis dilakukan pada paparan debu silika tahun 2020 dan 2021. Pengambilan sampel debu silika dilakukan dengan pengukuran yang ditetapkan oleh OSHA-ID142.

Hasil: Konsentrasi debu silika pada proses industri bijih mineral melebihi NAB. Pada tahun 2020,
paparan debu silika berkisar antara 0.41-2.99 μg/m3, tetapi menurun pada 2021 menjadi 0.05-1.16 μg/m3. Baik pada tahun 2020 maupun 2021, perhitungan ECR berada dalam rentang aman yang ditetapkan oleh United States of Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Hasil perhitungan ECR di bawah 10-4 untuk ketiga sistem rotasi kerja di semua lokasi pengukuran.

Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi debu silika di atas NAB tetapi evaluasi ARKL menunjukkan adanya risiko karsinogenik terhadap tiga jenis rotasi kerja yang berada di bawah batas aman, sehingga hal ini tidak membahayakan pekerja. Industri bijih mineral perlu terus meningkatkan pengendalian debu untuk mengurangi konsentrasi debu silika di bawah NAB.

Keywords

bijih; debu; karsinogenik; mineral; silika

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.87667