Status pemberian ASI terhadap status gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan

Normayanti Normayanti; Nila Susanti

doi:10.22146/ijcn.18362

Status pemberian ASI terhadap status gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.18362

Normayanti Normayanti^(1*), Nila Susanti⁽²⁾

(1) Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Puskesmas Kalampangan Kota Palangka Raya
(2) Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Palangka Raya
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Background: Coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia fluctuate and showed a declining trend over the last three years. Coverage of exclusive breastfeeding of Palangka Raya city is still very low at around 23.30%. There are several variables suspected as the cause of the malnutrition problem, the variables are status of breastfeeding, mother's education level, mother's employment, mother’s knowledge of nutrition and counseling status of breastfeeding.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of breastfeeding status on the nutritional status of infants aged 6-12 months in the working area of UPTD Puskesmas Kalampangan Palangka Raya city.

Method: The study design used was a case-control with 1:2 ratio, the case are infants aged 6-12 months with low nutritional status, whereas the comparison are infants aged 6-12 months with normal nutritional status. The dependent variable is the nutritional status and the independent variables are breastfeeding status, mother's education level, mother's employment, mother’s knowledge of nutrition, and breastfeeding counseling status. Data analysis was performed by univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square) and multivariate (logistic regression).

Results: From the 5 (five) variables were analyzed, 2 (two) variables independently became risk factor for malnutrition are status of breastfeeding (OR=6.667) and the counseling status of breastfeeding (OR=3.215). But together (simultaneously), only breastfeeding status has an influence on the nutritional status of infants, and non-exclusive breastfeeding was significant as a risk factor for malnutrition (OR=5.126). Probability infant to experience malnutrition due to breastfeeding status no exclusive is at 25.54%.

Conclusion: Breastfeeding status has an influence on the nutritional status of infants and non-exclusive breastfeeding was significant as a risk factor for malnutrition among infants aged 6-12 months.

Keywords

breastfeeding status; nutritional status; infant; case-control

Full Text:

PDF

References

Khomsan A, Wigna W. Aspek sosio-budaya gizi dan sistem pangan suku Baduy. Bogor: Fakultas Ekologi Manusia Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2009.

Sugiarti E. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kecamatan Karangmalang Kabupaten Sragen [Skripsi]. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2011.

Inayati DA, Scherbaum V, Purwestri RC, Hormann E, Wirawan NN, Suryantan J, Hartono S, Bloem MA, Pangaribuan RV, Biesalski HK, Hoffmann V, Bellows AC. Infant feeding practices among mildly wasted children: a retrospective study on Nias Island, Indonesia. Int Breastfeed J 2012;7(1):3.

Afifah DN. Faktor yang berperan dalam kegagalan praktik pemberian ASI eksklusif [Tesis]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2007.

Departemen Kesehatan RI. Manajemen laktasi. Jakarta: DEPKES RI; 2005.

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan RI. Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2010.

UPTD Puskesmas Kalampangan. Data cakupan program kesehatan tahun 2011. Palangka Raya: UPTD Puskesmas Kalampangan; 2011.

Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palangka Raya. Data cakupan ASI eksklusif Kota Palangka Raya. Palangka Raya: Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palangka Raya; 2011.

WHO. Report of the expert consultation on the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2010.

Nadimin. Hubungan keluarga sadar gizi dengan status gizi balita di Kabupaten Talakar Sulawesi Selatan. Media Gizi Pangan 2010;10(2):1-7.

Hartati S. Pengaruh pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap status gizi bayi usia 4-11 bulan di daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan Kabupaten Temanggung [Skripsi]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2003.

Widyastuti E. Hubungan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi bayi 6-12 bulan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2007 [Tesis]. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2009.

Roesli U. Mengenal ASI eksklusif. Jakarta: Niaga Swadaya; 2005.

Soekirman. Hidup sehat gizi seimbang dalam siklus kehidupan manusia. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia; 2006.

Nankunda J, Tumwine JK, Soltvedt A, Semiyaga N, Ndeezi G, Tylleskar T. Comunnity based peer counsellor for support of exclusive breastfeeding: experience from rural Uganda. Int Breastfeed J 2006;1:19.

Meikawati W, Hersoelistyorini W. Hubungan karakteristik ibu dan tingkat sosial ekonomi keluarga terhadap kasus gizi buruk pada balita di kelurahan Tandang Kecamatan Tembalang. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil-hasil Penelitian [series online] 2008 [cited 2013 Feb 5];1(1):148-57. Available from: URL: http.//www.jurnal.unimus.ac.id

Linda O, Hamal DK. Hubungan pendidikan dan pekerjaan orang tua serta pola asuh dengan status gizi balita di Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten. Prosiding Penelitian Bidang Ilmu Eksakta [series online] 2011 [cited 2013 Feb 5]. Available from: URL: http.//www.stkipislambumiayu.ac.id

Rahayu A. Karakteristik ibu yang memberikan ASI eksklusif terhadap status gizi bayi. Al ‘ulum 2007;33(3):8-14.

Notoatmodjo SPD. Promosi kesehatan dan ilmu perilaku. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2003.

Suhardjo. Perencanaan pangan dan gizi. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara; 2003.

Aidam BA, Perez-Escamilla R, Lartey A. Lactation counseling increases exclusive breast-feeding rates in Ghana. J Nutr 2005;135(7):1691-5.

Albernaz E, Victora CG, Haisma H, Wright A, Coward WA. Lactation counseling increases exclusive breast-feeding duration but not breast milk intake and measured by isotopic methods. J Nutr 2003;133(1):205-10.

Killewo J, Alam N, Gausia K, Ahmed F, Yunus Md, Chakraborty J, Persson LA. Determinant of exclusive breastfeeding in a rural area of Bangladesh. Malnutrition: meeting the challenges in South Asia programme and abstract of the 10th Annual Scientific Conference of ICDDR; 2002 June 11-13; Dhaka.

Backstrom CA, Wahn EI, Ekstrom AC. Two sides of breastfeeding support: experience of women and midwives. Int Breastfeed J 2010;5(20):1-8.

Olang B, Heidarzadeh A, Strandvik B, Yngve A. Reason given by mothers for discontinuing breastfeeding in Iran. Int Breastfeed J 2012;7(1):7.

WHO and UNICEF. Breastfeeding counselling: a training course. Geneva: WHO and UNICEF; 2000.

Rohani. Pengaruh karakteristik ibu menyusui terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Teluk Kecamatan Secanggang Kabupaten Langkat tahun 2007 [Skripsi]. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara; 2007.

Lastini ED. Pengaruh status pemberian ASI terhadap status gizi bayi usia 4-11 bulan di Kecamatan Kalibawang, Kulon Progo, Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta [Skripsi]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2001.

Lidya NMS, Rodiah. Hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan tumbuh kembang pada anak usia 3 sampai 6 bulan di Puskesmas Karanganyar. Maternal 2011;5(5):154-67.

Tan KL. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding among infant under six months of age in Peninsular Malaysia. Int Breastfeed J 2011;6(1):1-7.

Syukriawati R. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi kurang pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Kelurahan Pamulang Barat Kota Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2011 [Skripsi]. Jakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah; 2011.

Khomsan A. Studi implementasi program gizi: pemanfaatan, cakupan keefektifan dan dampak terhadap status gizi. Bogor: Departemen Gizi Masyarakat Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2007.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.18362