Pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi dan hubungannya dengan status gizi anak balita masyarakat Suku Nuaulu di Kecamatan Amahai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Provinsi Maluku

Muhamad Asrar; Hamam Hadi; Dradjat Boediman

doi:10.22146/ijcn.17716

Pola asuh, pola makan, asupan zat gizi dan hubungannya dengan status gizi anak balita masyarakat Suku Nuaulu di Kecamatan Amahai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Provinsi Maluku

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17716

Muhamad Asrar^(1*), Hamam Hadi⁽²⁾, Dradjat Boediman⁽³⁾

(1) Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Departemen Kesehatan RI Ambon
(2) Magister Gizi Kesehatan UGM
(3) Bagian Anak RSUP Dr. Sardjito
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Background: Nomadic life of Nuaulu Tribe results in rearing pattern, eating pattern, and food consumption which affect their nutritional status.

Objective: To identify the relationship between rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake, and nutritional status of under-fives of Nuaulu tribal community at Subdistrict of Amahai, District of Maluku Tengah, Province of Maluku.

Method: This was an observational analytical study with cross sectional design. Subjects of the study were 68 under-fives of age 12 to 60 months from Nuaulu Tribal community at Sub district of Amahai. Data of rearing pattern were obtained from interviewing using questionnaire, data of eating pattern from food frequency questionnaire, data of nutrient intake from recall 24 hours, and data of nutritional status from anthropometric measurement. Data analysis used bivariable with chi-square, multivariate with double logistic regression.

Results: Most samples had low category of rearing pattern (77.9%) and eating pattern (66.2%); whereas samples intake of energy and protein belonged to adequate category, that were 73.6% and 72.0%, respectively. Nutritional status based on index of weight/age of 20.6% samples belonged to undernourished category and 51.5% samples belonged to stunted category based on index of length/age. There were no significant relationship between rearing pattern and nutritional status based on index of weight/length and weight/age (p > 0.05), but there was relationship between them based on index of length/age (p < 0.05). Eating pattern and nutritional status based on index of weight/length and weight/age had no relationship (p > 0.05), but between eating pattern and nutritional status based on index of length/age had relationship (p < 0,05). There was significant relationship between energy intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age (p < 0.05), but there was not based on weight/length index (p > 0.05). There was significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age (p < 0.05); however the relationship was insignificant based on index of weight/length.

Conclusion: There was significant relationship between rearing pattern and nutritional status based on index of length/age and so was between eating pattern and nutritional status based index of length/age. Energy, protein intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age also had significant relationship.

Keywords

rearing pattern; eating pattern; nutrient intake; nutritional status; under-fives; Nuaulu Tribe

Full Text:

PDF

References

Rachmawati E. BBM Naik, Gizi Buruk Meningkat [serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Jul 8]. Available from: http://www.kompas.com.

Azwar A. Kecenderungan Masalah Gizi dan Tantangan di Masa Datang. Naskah Lengkap Pertemuan Advokasi Program Perbaikan Gizi Menuju Keluarga Sadar Gizi; September 2004; Jakarta, Indonesia.

Husaini. Peranan Gizi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Tumbuh Kembang Anak [serial online] 2008 [cited 2008 Jul 2]. Available from: http://www.whandi.net.

Erni, Juffrie M, Rialihanto MP. Pola Makan, Asupan Zat Gizi, dan Status Gizi Anak Balita Suku Anak Dalam di Nyogan Kabupaten Muara Jambi Provinsi Jambi. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 2008; 5(2): 84-90.

Sudita T. Status Gizi dan Pola Makan Balita Suku Baduy di Kecamatan Leuwidamar Kabupaten Lebak Banten [tesis]. Yogyakarta: UGM; 2004.

Siswantoro. Faktor-Faktor Penyimpangan Positif Status Gizi Balita Suku Dawan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur [tesis]. Yogyakarta: UGM; 2008.

Departemen Kesehatan RI. Petunjuk Survei Kegiatan PABPL dalam Pembinaan Permukiman Masyarakat Terasing. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI; 1997.

Sahusilawane F, Sahusilawane M, Manuhutu T, Matital L. Tata Kelakuan di Lingkungan Pergaulan Keluarga dan Masyarakat Daerah Maluku. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI; 1985.

Latuconsina AK. Pengaruh Penyuluhan terhadap Persepsi Pendidikan Kasus Suku Nuaulu Maluku Tengah. Yogyakarta: Graha Guru; 2008.

Sahusilawane F, Siahaya J, Tutupoho R, Layanan O, Tamaela M. Pola Pengasuhan Anak Secara Tradisional Daerah Maluku. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI; 1992.

Lemeshow S, Hosmer D, Klar J. 1990. Adequacy of Sample Size in Health Studies. (Terjemahan) Pramono D. Yogyakarta: UGM Press; 1997.

Amin AM. Hubungan Pola Asuh dan Asupan Gizi terhadap Status Gizi Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan pada Daerah Pesisir Pantai di Kelurahan Mangempang Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru [tesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2003.

Muhilal, Hardinsyah. Penentuan Kebutuhan Gizi dan Kesepakatan Harmonisasi di Asia Tenggara. Prosiding Widya Karya Pangan dan Gizi VII; 2000 Feb 29-Mar 2; Jakarta, Indonesia.

Departemen Kesehatan RI. Standar Pemantauan Pertumbuhan Balita. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI; 2005.

Khomsan A. Pangan dan Gizi untuk Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rajagrafindo Persada; 2002.

Suhardjo, Harper LJ, Deaton BJ, Driskel JA. Pangan, Gizi dan Pertanian. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press; 1986.

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat UI. Gizi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Rajawali Press; 2008.

Ariani M, Martianto D. Analisis Perubahan Konsumsi dan Pola Konsumsi Pangan Masyarakat Indonesia dalam Dekade Terakhir. Info Pangan dan Gizi 2004; XV(2): 3.

Soekirman. Dari Empat Sehat Lima Sempurna ke Pedoman Gizi Seimbang: Hidup Sehat Gizi Seimbang dalam Siklus Kehidupan Manusia. Jakarta: Primamedia Pustaka; 2006.

Almatsier S. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2003.

Gibson RS. Principles of Nutritional Assess-ment. 2nd ed. New Zealand: Oxford University Press; 2005.

ACC/SCN (United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination/Sub-Committee on Nutrition). Third Report on The World Nutrition Situation: Stunting and Young Child Development. New York: ACC/SCN; 1997.

Aritonang I, Priharsiwi E. Status Bekerja Ibu Kaitannya dengan Pola Pemberian Makan, Pola Asuh Makan, Tingkat Kecukupan Energi dan Protein dan Status Gizi Anak Usia 0–59 Bulan di Perumahan Nogotirto Yogyakarta. Prosiding Temu Ilmiah, Kongres XIII PERSAGI; 20-22 November 2005; Denpasar, Indonesia.

Soekirman . Perlu Paradigma Baru untuk Menanggulangi Masalah Gizi Makro di Indonesia. [serial online] 2000 [cited 2008 Jun 19] . Avail-able from: http://www.gizi.net.

Sirajuddin. Pengaruh Model Tungku terhadap Status Gizi Anak Usia 12-15 Bulan di Kabupaten Selayar [tesis]. Makassar: Universitas Hasanuddin; 2007.

Nicklas T, Baranowski T, Cullen K, Berenson G. Eating Patterns, Dietary Quality and Obesity Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Texas . Tulane Center of Cardiovascular Health, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (G.B). J Am Nutr 2001; 20(6): 599-608.

UNICEF. Pedoman Hidup Sehat (Diadaptasi dari Facts for Life). 3th ed. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund; 2002.

Soekirman, Soekirman SW, Djoko S, Soenardi TM . Hidup Sehat Gizi Seimbang dalam Siklus Kehidupan Manusia. Jakarta: PT Primamedia Pustaka; 2006.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17716