Patogenisitas Vibrio Fluvialis 24SK terhadap Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes altivelis)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.159

Indah Istiqomah(1), Alim Isnansetyo(2*), Triyanto Triyanto(3), Kamiso Handoyo Nitimulyo(4), Muhammad Murdjani(5)

(1) Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(5) Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This research was aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of Vibrio fluvialis 24SK in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) based on its Lethal Dosage 50 (LD50). V. fluvialis 24SK was isolated from ren of humpback grouper cultured in floating net cage at Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center (BADC) Situbondo, with vibriosis signs. The bacterium was cultured in Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) medium dissolved in trisalt solution (KCl, 0.75 g/l; MgSO4.7H2O; 14.2 g/l; NaCl, 18.4 g/l), incubated at 300C for 24 h. Infection was carried out by interperitoneal injection to humpback grouper (8-9 cm of total length) at 102, 104, 106, and 108 cfu/fish. Control fishes were injected with 0.2 ml trisalt solution. Disease sign and mortality of fishes were observed every eight hour for 40 days. LD50 was calculated based on Dragstedt Behrens method (Hubert, 1980). Result indicated that infection of the bacteria at 106 and 108 cfu/fish caused sub-acute disease signs, such as haemorhagic on operculum, base of fins (pinnae pectorales, pinnae abdominales, pinna analis), and also head and abdomen, while infection at 102 and 104 cfu/fish caused chronic disease signs, such as haemorhagic on fins base which was followed by necrotic on fins and skin tissue in prolonged time. Histopathologically, infection of the bacteria caused atrophy on the gills, infiltrations of lymphocyte, heterofel and plasma cell on the gills and fins base, vacuolar degeneration on the liver, and also present the bacteria colony on the fins base and intestine tissues. V. fluvialis 24SK has LD50 at (1,1±0,5)x107 cfu/fish.

Keywords


Humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis), Lethal Dosage 50, Pathogenicity, Vibrio fluvialis

Full Text:

Full Article (PDF)


References

Anonim. 1957. Manual of histologic and special staining technics, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. General Pathology Laboratory. Walter Reed Medical Center. Washington D.C. 29-36.

Austin, B. and D.A. Austin. 1987. Bacterial fish pathogens: disease in farmed and wild fish. Ellis Horwood Limited. John Wiley and Sons. Chichester: 263-287.

Crosa, J.H., M.A. Walter, and S.A. Potter. 1983. The genetics of plasmid-mediated virulence in the marine fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. In: Bac-terial and viral diseases of fish. J.H. Crosa (Ed.). Univ. of Washington: 21-30.

Esteve, C., C. Amaro, E.G. Biosca, dan E. Garay. 1995. Biochemical and toxi-genic properties of Vibrio furnisii isolated from an european eel farm. Aquaculture. 132: 81-90.

Gerhardt, P., P.G.E. Murray, W.A. Wood, and N.R. Krieg. 1994. Methods for general and molecular bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology. Washington. 651 p.

Hartono, P., Anindiastuti, dan Sudaryanto. 1999. Pembenihan ikan kerapu tikus (Cromileptes altivelis). Departemen Pertanian. Dirjen Perikanan. Balai Budidaya Laut. Lampung. 88 p.

Holt, J.G., P.H. Sneath, J.T. Stanley, and S.T. Williams. 1994. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology. 9th Ed. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore. 787 p.

Hubert, J.J. 1980. Bioassay. Department of Mathematics and Statistics. Kendall. Hunt Publishing Company. Lowa. USA. 164 p.

Jutono, J. Soedarsono, S. Hartadi, S. Kabirun, D. Suhadi, dan Soesanto. 1973. Pedoman praktikum mikrobio-logi umum untuk perguruan tinggi. Jutono (Ed). Departemen Mikrobiologi Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. 153 p.

Lightner, D.V. 1996. A handbook of shrimp pathology and diagnostic procedures for diseases of culture penaeid shrimp. Sec.4: Bacteria, vibriosis culture and identification. The World Aquaculture Society. Baton Rouge. Lousiana. USA.

Mac Faddin, J.F. 1980. Biochemical test for identification of medical bacteria. Second Ed. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore. 528 p.

Moayeri, M. and R.A. Welch. 1998. Bacterial exotoxins. In: Methods in microbiology bacterial pathogenesis. P. Williams, J. Ketley, and G. Salmond (Eds). Academic Press. New York. 27: 287-300.

Murdjani, M. 2002. Identifikasi dan patologi bakteri Vibrio alginolyticus pada ikan kerapu tikus (Cromileptes altivelis). Ringkasan Disertasi. Prog-ram Studi Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Kekhususan Perlindungan Tanaman. Program Pasca Sarjana. Universitas Brawijaya. Malang. 48 p.

Neilands, J.B. 1981. Iron absorption and transport in microorganisms. Ann. Rev. of Nutr. 1: 27-46.

Rajan, P.R., C. Lopez, J.H.Y. Lin, and H.L. Yang. 2001. Vibrio alginolyticus infection in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) cultured in Taiwan. Bulletin of the european association of fish pathologists. 21 (6): 228-234.

Rollins, D.M. and S.W. Joseph. 2000. List of bacterial pathogen. BSCL 424 Pathogenic microbiology. University of Maryland. http://www.life.umd.Edu/ classroom/bci434/idex.html. Diakses tanggal 17 Agustus 2004.

Sarono, A. Widodo, dan E.B.S. Haryani. 1993. Deskripsi hama dan penyakit ikan karantina golongan bakteri. Pusat Karantina Pertanian dan Fakultas Pertanian Jurusan Perikanan UGM. Yogyakarta. 90 p.

Saulnier, D., P. Haffener, and C. Goarant. 2000. Experimental infection models for shrimp vibriosis studies: a review. Aquaculture. 191: 133-144.

Wijayanti, A. dan N. Hamid. 1997. Identifikasi bakteri pada pembenihan ikan kerapu tikus (Cromileptes altivelis). Ditjen. Perikanan. Deptan. 9 p.

Yushimitsu, T., H. Eda, and K. Hiramatsu. 1986. Grouper final report: marine culture research and development in Indonesia. ATA-192. JICA: 103-129.

Zafran, D. Roza, I. Koesharyani, dan F. Johnny. 1998. Panduan untuk diagnosis penyakit ikan dan krustase laut di Indonesia. JICA dan Loka Penelitian Perikanan Pantai Gondol.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.159

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1598 | views : 2414

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c)



Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (print ISSN 0853-6384; online ISSN 2502-5066) is published by Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with Semnaskan UGM (Seminar Nasional Tahunan Hasil Perikanan dan Kelautan) and ISMFR (International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries Research).

 

View My Stats