Geochemical Characteristic of the Carbonaceous Sediments of the Upper Paleozoic Kuantan Group, Malaysia
Amer M Burgan(1*)
(1) Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bani Walied University, Libya
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The geochemical parameters discussed in this paper are based on an average values of twelve outcrop carbonaceous samples, mainly black shales, were determined using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) techniques, representative of Charu, Sagor, and Permian formations.The aim of this study is to define and discuss their characteristics, the distribution abundance of major and minor elements, investigation the dominant mineralogical composition and reconstruct the depositional environment for these sediments.The bulk chemical result showed that, the average values of the major elements are 65.83%, 64.82 %, 71.4 % SiO2, 18.27 %, 22.2 %, 15.66 % Al2O3, 1.53 %, 0.99 %, 2.49 % Fe2O3. 4.06 %, 6.25 %, 3.66 % K2O , whereas in the case of the miner elements, the results read values of 524.4 ppm, 758.8 ppm, 446.3 ppm Ba , 366 ppm, 399.3 ppm, 257.3 ppm Rb, 88 ppm, 67.3 ppm, 47.3 ppm Sr , 308 ppm, 288.8 ppm, 327ppm Zr for the Charu, Sagor, and Permian formations respectively. The major oxides reflect the dominant mineralogical composition of quartz and other silicate minerals (e.g. illite, kaolinte, smectite) and deficiency in carbonates.The high Rb/K ratio suggests brackish marine environment or rapid depositions that prevent equilibrium between Rb and K in these study shales and marine environment. The high Rb/Sr ratios of 4.16, 5.89 and 5.44 for the Charu, Sagor, and Permian formations respectively possibly attributed to the lowest contents of Sr content due to reducing environment prevailing during deposition of these sediments.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alexander, J.B (1959) Pre Tertiary stratigraphic succession in Malaya. Nature.183, 230 – 232.
Andrews A. J. (1980) Saponite and caladonite in layer 2 Basalts, DSDP Log 37. Contrib. Min. Petrol.37, 223 – 340.
Bellanca A., Massetti D., Neri R., and Venezia F. (1999) Geochemical and Sedimentolgical evidence of productivity cycles recorded in Toarcian Black shales from the Belluno Basin, Southern Alps, and Northern Italy. J. Sed. Research, 69, 466 – 476.
Campbell F.A. and Williams G. A. (1965) Chemical composition of shales of Mannville Group (Lower Cretaceous) of central Alberta, Canada. Bull. AAPG. 49, 81 – 87.
Campbell F.A. and Lerbekmo J. F. (1963) Mineralogical and chemical variation between Upper Cretaceous continental. Belly River shales and marine Wapiabi shale in western Alberta, Canada. Sedimentology. 2, 215 – 266.
Clarke F. W. (1924) The data of Geochemistry. U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 770.
Drever JI., (1971) Early digenesis of clay minerals Rio America Basin, Mexico. Sed. Petrol. 41,982 – 994.
Fateh, C. (1993) Annual report geological survey department of Malaysia. pp. 52 – 56.
Fitch F. H. (1951) The Geology and Mineral resources of neighborhood of Kuantan, Pahang. Fed. of Mal. Geol. Surv, Mem. 6.
Goldschmidt V. M. (1954) Geochemistry. pp730. The International Series of Monographs on Physics, Oxford University Press.
Hevesy G. V. and Würstlin K. (1934) über die Haüfugkeit des strontiums. Z. Anogrg.Allgem. Chem. 216, 312.
Kelepertsis A. E. and Kontis E. (1997) Geochemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Pliocene Lignites and Associated Sediments of Marathousa Coal Field, Central Peloponnese, Greece. Chineses Journal of Geochemistry.16(1), 8-17.
Li Shngrong and Zhenmin (1996) Silicalites of hydrothermal origin in the lower Mason and Moor (1982) Cambrian Black Rock Series of South China. Chineses Journal of Geochemistry.15(2), 113-120.
Mason B. (1966) Principle of Geochemistry. John Willy & Sons, Inc. Mason B. and Moor C. B. (1982). Principle of Geochemistry. 4th edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Inc.McLennan S. M., Taylor S. R., and Eriksson K. A. (1983). Geochemistry of Archeun shales from the Philbra super group Western Australia. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta. 47, 1211 – 1222.
Metacalfe I., Idris M. and Tan J.T. (1980) Stratigraphy and Planetology of the carbonaceous sediments in the Pahching area, Pahang, West Malaysia. Geol. Soc. Malaysia, Bull. 13,1-26.
Mikkel S. and Henderson J.B. (1983).Archean chemical weathering at three localities on the Canadian sheld. Precam.Research. 20, 198 – 224.
Nesbitt H. W. Markovies G. and Price R. C. (1980). Chemical processes affecting alkali earth during chemical weathering. Cosmochim. Acta.44, 1659 – 1666.
Nesbitt H. W. and Markovies G. (1996) Weathering of granodiorite crust, long term storage of elements of weathering profile and petrogenesis of silisiclastic sediments. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta.61, 1653 – 1670.
Nesbitt H. W. and Young G. M. (1984)Prediction of some weathering trends of plutonic and volcanic rock band on the thermodynamic and kinetic considerations. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta.48, 1523 – 1534.
Nesbitt H. W. and Young G. M. (1989) Formation and digenesis of weathering profiles. J. Geol.97, 129 – 346
Pettijohn, F. J. (1957) Sedimentary Rocks 3th edition. New York: Harper Bros. Shaw D. B. and Weaver F. M. (1965) The Mineralogical Composition of Shales. J. Sed. Petrology. 35, 213 – 222.
Show D.M. (1954) Trace elements in politic rocks. Part I. Variation during metamorphism. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 65. 1167.
Sidibe Y. T.( 1993) Lithostratigraphy sedimentology and Geochemistry of Upper Paleozoic Kuantan Group and Triassic rocks in Northeast Pahang and South Terengganu, Malaysia. PhD. Thesis at University Kebangsan Malaysia.
Turekian K. K. Wedepohl K. H. (1961) Distribution of the elements in some major unites of the earth’s crust. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 72, 175 – 192.
Turekian K. K.and Kulp J. L. (1956). The Geochemistry of Strontium. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta.10, 245 – 296.
Weaver C. E. and Pollard I. D. (1973) The Chemistry of Clay Minerals. New York, American, Elsever.
Wedepohl K. H. (1970) Handbook of geochemistry. Volume I and II. Berlin: Springer- Verlag.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jag.92708
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 291 | views : 280Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Amer M Burgan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal of Applied Geology Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.