Exploring Aceh Fault Zone for Slip Rates and Paleoseismic Trenching Potential along Sumatran Fault

Gayatri Indah Marliyani; Aulia Kurnia Hady; Yann Klinger; Agung Setianto; Hurien Helmi; Telly Kurniawan; Retno Agung Prasetyo Kambali; Zulham Sugito; Abdi Jihad; Yosi Setiawan; Andi Azhar Rusdin; Supriyanto Rohadi; Rahmat Triyono; Dwikorita Karnawati

doi:10.22146/ijg.93456

Exploring Aceh Fault Zone for Slip Rates and Paleoseismic Trenching Potential along Sumatran Fault

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.93456

Gayatri Indah Marliyani^(1*), Aulia Kurnia Hady⁽²⁾, Yann Klinger⁽³⁾, Agung Setianto⁽⁴⁾, Hurien Helmi⁽⁵⁾, Telly Kurniawan⁽⁶⁾, Retno Agung Prasetyo Kambali⁽⁷⁾, Zulham Sugito⁽⁸⁾, Abdi Jihad⁽⁹⁾, Yosi Setiawan⁽¹⁰⁾, Andi Azhar Rusdin⁽¹¹⁾, Supriyanto Rohadi⁽¹²⁾, Rahmat Triyono⁽¹³⁾, Dwikorita Karnawati⁽¹⁴⁾

(1) Geological Engineering Departement, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of NAD Province
(3) The Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris - Université de Paris Cité
(4) Geological Engineering Departement, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(5) Geological Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta
(6) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(7) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(8) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(9) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(10) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(11) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(12) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(13) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(14) Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

We conducted a study on the Aceh Fault, an active right-lateral strike-slip fault in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Despite its seismic hazard potential, the slip characteristics of this fault are not well-understood. Using a combination of remote sensing and field methods, we mapped the distribution of displacement recorded by offset channels along the fault. Our goal is to identify evidence of past surface rupture, characterize their tectonic geomorphology setting, and assess their potentials as slip-rate and paleoseismic sites. The documented right-lateral displacements of channels and ridges from 35 observation points are mostly in the order of magnitude of hundreds of meters, with only a few sites exhibiting meter-scale measurable offsets. Our results provide important first-order data that can be used to locate sites suitable for paleoseismic trenching or offset investigations. This information will support the development of a maximum magnitude and earthquake recurrence model of the fault, which are crucial for seismic hazard analysis in the region.

Keywords

Aceh Fault, offset channels, paleoseismology, Sumatran Fault

Full Text:

PDF

References

Beaupretre, S., Garambois, S., Manighetti, I., Malavieille, J., Sénéchal, G., Chatton, M., Davies, T., Larroque, C., Rousset, D., Cotte,N. and Romano, C. (2012). Finding the buried record of past earthquakes with GPR-based palaeoseismology: a case study on the Hope fault, New Zealand. Geophysical Journal International, 189(1), 73-100.

Bennet, J.D., Mc Bridge, D., Cameron, N.R., Djunuddin, A., Ghazali, S.A., Jeffery, D.H., Kartawa, W., Keats, W., Rock, N.M.S., Thomson, S.J. and Whandoyo, R. (1981). Peta Geologi Lembar Banda Aceh, Sumatra (1: 250.000). Geologic Map of the Banda Aceh Quadrangle, Sumatra, Lembar (Quadrangle), 421, 19.

Curray, J. R., Moore, D. G., Lawver, L. A., Emmel, F. J., Raitt, R. W., Henry, M., & Kieckhefer, R. (1979). Tectonics of the Andaman Sea and Burma: convergent margins.

Diament, M., Harjono, H., Karta, K., Deplus, C., Dahrin, D., Zen Jr, M.T., Gerard, M., Lassal, O., Martin, A. and Malod, J. (1992). Mentawai fault zone off Sumatra: A new key to the geodynamics of western Indonesia. Geology, 20(3), 259-262.

DeMets, C., Gordon, R. G., Argus, D. F., & Stein, S. (1990). Current plate motions. Geophysical journal international, 101(2), 425-478.

De Pascale, G. P., Quigley, M. C., & Davies, T. R. (2014). Lidar reveals uniform Alpine fault offsets and bimodal plate boundary rupture behavior, New Zealand. Geology, 42(5), 411-414.

Bellier, O., & Sebrier, M. (1995). Is the slip rate variation on the Great Sumatran Fault accommodated by fore‐arc stretching?. Geophysical Research Letters, 22(15), 1969-1972.

Bellier, O., Sebrier, M., Pramumijoyo, S., Beaudouin, T., Harjono, H., Bahar, I., & Forni, O. (1997). Paleoseismicity and seismic hazard along the Great Sumatran Fault (Indonesia). Journal of Geodynamics, 24(1-4), 169-183.

De Pascale, G. P., Quigley, M. C., & Davies, T. R. (2014). Lidar reveals uniform Alpine fault offsets and bimodal plate boundary rupture behavior, New Zealand. Geology, 42(5), 411-414.

Fitch, T. J. (1972). Plate convergence, transcurrent faults, and internal deformation adjacent to southeast Asia and the western Pacific. Journal of Geophysical research, 77(23), 4432-4460.

Hady, A. K. (2020). Geometri Dan Segmentasi Sesar Aceh (5.38 derajat N, 95.8 derajat E sampai 4.38 derajat N, 96.16 derajat

E) Daerah Nagan Raya, Pidie, Dan Aceh Besar (Master thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada).

Harbert, S. A., Duvall, A. R., & Tucker, G. E. (2018). The Role of Near‐ Fault Relief Elements in Creating and Maintaining a Strike‐Slip Landscape. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(21), 11-683.

Genrich, J.F., Bock, Y., McCaffrey, R., Prawirodirdjo, L., Stevens, C.W., Puntodewo, S.S.O., Subarya, C. and Wdowinski, S. (2000). Distribution of slip at the northern Sumatran fault system. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 105(B12), 28327-28341.

Irsyam, M., Cummins, P.R., Asrurifak, M., Faizal, L., Natawidjaja, D.H., Widiyantoro, S., Meilano, I., Triyoso, W., Rudiyanto, A., Hidayati, S. and Ridwan, M., 2020. Development of the 2017 national seismic hazard maps of Indonesia. Earthquake Spectra, 36(1_suppl), pp.112-136.

Ito, T., Gunawan, E., Kimata, F., Tabei, T., Simons, M., Meilano, I., Ohta, Y., Nurdin, I. and Sugiyanto, D. (2012). Isolating along‐ strike variations in the depth extent of shallow creep and fault locking on the northern Great Sumatran Fault. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 117(B6).

Jarrard, R. D.(1986). Relationsamong subductionparameters. Reviews of Geophysics, 24(2), 217-284.

Jayangondaperumal, R., Thakur, V. C., Joevivek, V., Rao, P. S., & Gupta, A. K. (2018). Active Tectonics of Kumaun and Garhwal Himalaya. Springer Singapore.

Klinger, Y., Etchebes, M., Tapponnier, P., & Narteau, C. (2011). Characteristic slip for five great earthquakes along the Fuyun fault in China. Nature Geoscience, 4(6), 389-392.

Kondo, H., Awata, Y., Emre, O., Dogan, A., Ozalp, S., Tokay, F., Yıldırım, C., Yoshioka, T. and Okumura, K. (2005). Slip distribution, fault geometry, and fault segmentation of the 1944 Bolu-Gerede earthquake rupture, North Anatolian Fault, Turkey. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 95(4), 1234-1249.

Langridge, R. M., Ries, W. F., Farrier, T., Barth, N. C., Khajavi, N., & De Pascale, G. P. (2014). Developing sub 5-m LiDAR DEMs for forested sections of the Alpine and Hope faults, South Island, New Zealand: Implications for structural interpretations. Journal of Structural Geology, 64, 53-66.

Lindvall, S. C., Rockwell, T. K., & Hudnut, K. W. (1989). Evidence for prehistoric earthquakes on the Superstition Hills fault from offset geomorphic features. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 79(2), 342-361.

Hady, A. K., & Marliyani, G. I. (2020). Updated Segmentation Model of the Aceh Segment of the Great Sumatran Fault System in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Geology, 5(2), 84-100.

McCaffrey, R. (1992). Oblique plate convergence, slip vectors, and forearc deformation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 97(B6), 8905-8915.

McCaffrey, R. (2009). The tectonic framework of the Sumatran subduction zone. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 37, 345-366.

McCaffrey, R., Zwick, P.C., Bock, Y., Prawirodirdjo, L., Genrich, J.F., Stevens, C.W., Puntodewo, S.S.O. and Subarya, C., 2000. Strain partitioning during oblique plate convergence in northern Sumatra: Geodetic and seismologic constraints and numerical modeling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 105(B12), pp.28363-28376.

McGill, S. F., & Sieh, K. (1991). Surficial offsets on the central and eastern Garlock fault associated with prehistoric earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 96(B13), 21597- 21621.

McGill, S. F., & Rubin, C. M. (1999). Surficial slip distribution on the central Emerson fault during the June 28, 1992, Landers earthquake, California. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 104(B3), 4811-4833.

Pusat Studi Gempa Nasional (2017). Peta Sumber dan Bahaya Gempa Tahun 2017. Bandung: Puslitbang Perumahan dan Permukiman Kementrian PUPR.

Reitman, N. G., Mueller, K. J., Tucker, G. E., Gold, R. D., Briggs, R. W., & Barnhart, K. R. (2019). Offset Channels May Not Accurately Record Strike‐Slip Fault Displacement: Evidence From Landscape Evolution Models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(12), 13427-13451.

Reitman, N. G., Klinger, Y., Briggs, R. W., & Gold, R. D. (2023). Climatic influence on the expression of strike-slip faulting. Geology, 51(1), 18-22.

Rockwell, T., Loughman, C., & Merifield, P. (1990). Late Quaternary rate of slip along the San Jacinto fault zone near Anza, southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 95(B6), 8593-8605.

Salisbury, J. B., Rockwell, T. K., Middleton, T. J., & Hudnut, K. W. (2012). LiDAR and field observations of slip distribution for the most recent surface ruptures along the central San Jacinto fault. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 102(2), 598- 619.

Salisbury, J. B., Haddad, D. E., Rockwell, T., Arrowsmith, J. R., Madugo, C., Zielke, O., & Scharer, K. (2015). Validation of meter-scale surface faulting offset measurements from high- resolution topographic data. Geosphere, 11(6), 1884-1901.

Salisbury, J. B., Arrowsmith, J. R., Brown, N., Rockwell, T., Akciz, S., & Ludwig, L. G. (2018). The Age and Origin of Small Offsets at Van Matre Ranch along the San Andreas Fault in the Carrizo Plain, CaliforniaThe Age and Origin of Small Offsets at VMR along the SAF in the Carrizo Plain, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 108(2), 639-653.

Sieh, K. E. (1978). Slip along the San Andreas fault associated with the great 1857 earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 68(5), 1421-1448.

Sieh, K., & Natawidjaja, D. (2000). Neotectonics of the Sumatran fault, Indonesia. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 28,295– 28,326. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900120

Sieh, K., Zachariasen, J., Bock, Y., Edwards, L., Taylor, F., & Gans,P. (1994). Active tectonics of Sumatra. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 26, 382.

Singh, S. C., Moeremans, R., McArdle, J., & Johansen, K. (2013). Seismic images of the sliver strike‐slip fault and back thrust in the Andaman‐Nicobar region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118(10), 5208-5224.

Stirling, M., Gerstenberger, M., Litchfield, N., McVerry, G., Smith, W., Pettinga, J., & Barnes, P. (2008). Seismic hazard of the Canterbury region, New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 41(2), 51-67.

Tabei, T., Kimata, F., Ito, T., Gunawan, E., Tsutsumi, H., Ohta, Y., Yamashina, T., Soeda, Y., Ismail, N., Nurdin, I. and Sugiyanto, D., (2017). Geodetic and geomorphic evaluations of earthquake generation potential of the northern Sumatran fault, Indonesia. In International Symposium on Geodesy for Earthquake and Natural Hazards (GENAH) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geodesy for Earthquake and Natural Hazards (GENAH),Matsushima, Japan, 22-26 July, 2014 (pp. 21-28). Springer International Publishing.

Tong, X., Sandwell, D. T., & Schmidt, D. A. (2018). Surface creep rate and moment accumulation rate along the Aceh segment of the Sumatran fault from L‐band ALOS‐1/PALSAR‐1 observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(8), 3404-3412.

Tregoning, P. (2002). Plate kinematics in the western Pacific derived from geodetic observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 107(B1), ECV-7.

Walker, F., & Allen, M. B. (2012). Offset rivers, drainage spacing and the record of strike-slip faulting: The Kuh Banan Fault, Iran. Tectonophysics, 530, 251-263.

Wells, D. L., & Coppersmith, K. J. (1994). New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement. Bulletin of the seismological Society of America, 84(4), 974-1002.

Yao, W., Liu‐Zeng, J., Oskin, M.E., Wang, W., Li, Z., Prush, V., Zhang, J., Shao, Y., Yuan, Z. and Klinger, Y. (2019). Reevaluation of the Late Pleistocene slip rate of the Haiyuan fault near Songshan, Gansu Province, China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(5), pp.5217-5240.

Zielke, O., Arrowsmith, J. R., Ludwig, L. G., & Akçiz, S. O. (2010). Slip in the 1857 and earlier large earthquakes along the Carrizo Plain, San Andreas fault. Science, 327(5969), 1119-1122

Zielke, O., Klinger, Y. and Arrowsmith, J.R., (2015). Fault slip and earthquake recurrence along strike-slip faults—Contributions of high-resolution geomorphic data. Tectonophysics, 638, pp.43-62.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.93456

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1503 |

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

Copyright (c) 2024 Gayatri Indah Marliyani, Aulia Kurnia Hady, Yann Klinger, Agung Setianto, Hurien Helmi, Telly Kurniawan, Retno Agung Prasetyo Kambali, Zulham Sugito, Abdi Jihad, Yosi Setiawan, Andi Azhar Rusdin, Supriyanto Rohadi, Rahmat Triyono, Dwikorita Karnawati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)

ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)

IJG STATISTIC

Username
Password
Remember me