Elevating the Community-Based Approach towards River Management: A Case Study of Squatter's Community in Inanam-Likas River Basin in Sabah, Malaysia

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.77869

Ramli Dollah(1*), Adi Jafar(2), Marsitah Mohd Radzi(3), Nordin Sakke(4), Mohammad Tahir Mapa(5), Amrullah Maraining(6)

(1) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(2) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(3) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(4) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(5) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(6) Universiti Malaysia Sabah
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


River pollution is one of the major threats to the environment worldwide, especially in developing countries such as Malaysia. Although numerous actions, policies and efforts to alleviate river pollution, the issue continues to hurt Malaysia’s environmental sustainability. Based on the case study of the Inanam-Likas river basin situated on the western coast of the state of Sabah, in East Malaysia, this paper proposes an integration of a more inclusive approach toward communities in river management. This paper suggests the inclusion approach in river management by squatter communities who are residents along the riverbanks as part of the stakeholders alongside governmental and non-governmental agencies. As such, this study introduces this approach as a community-based to the river management policy facilitated by the local authorities and other relevant agencies. Without community support, effective mitigation strategies and relevant policy toward river management, river pollution will continue to threaten environmental sustainability. 


Keywords


Community, Inanam-Likas river, Pollution, Migration, Malaysia

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abdul Rahman, H. (2018). Community based approach towards disaster management in Malaysia. Asian Journal of Environment, History and Heritage, 2(2): 55-66

Ablah, E., Carroll, B., Brown, J., & Bronleewe, T. (2016). A community-based participatory research approach to identifying environmental concerns. Journal of environmental health. 75(5): 14-19

Acosta JD, Burgette L, Chandra A, Eisenman DP, Gonzalez I, Varda D, et al. (2018) How community and public health partnerships contribute to disaster recovery and resilience. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 12(5): 635-43.

Aiken et. al. (1981). Squatters and squatter settlements in Kuala Lumpur. Geographical Review, 71: 158-175

Arif, A., Malik, M.F., Liaqat, S., Aslam, A., et. al. (2020) Water pollution and industries. Pure and Applied Biology. 9(4): 2214-2224.

Arthington, A.H., Naiman, R.J., Mcclain, M.E., Nilsson, C. (2010). Preserving the biodiversity and ecological services of rivers: new challenges and research opportunities. Freshwater Biology. 55(1): 1-16

Atazadeh, E.; Barton, A.; Shirinpour, M.; Zarghami, M.; Rajabifard, A. (2020). River management and environmental water allocation in regulated ecosystems of arid and semi-arid regions – A review. Fundamental and Applied Limnology. 193(4): 327-345

Baland, J.M., Platteau, J.P. (2000) Halting Degradation of Natural Resources: Is There a Role for rural Communities? New York: Oxford University Press

Bauwens, T., Schraven, D., Drewing, E., Radtke, J., Holstenkamp, L., Gotchev, B., Yildiz, O. (2022) Conceptualizing community in energy systems: A systematic review of 183 definitions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 156: 111999

Butler, R. & T. Hinch (eds.). (2007). Tourism and indigenous peoples. Oxford and Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann

Carr, G. (2015) Stakeholder and public participation in river basin management—an introduction. WIREs Water, 2(4): 393-405 https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1086

Chaudhary, M. & Walker, T.R (2019) River Ganga pollution: Causes and failed management plans. Environment International, 117: 327-338 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.033

Cliche, L., & Freeman, L. (2016). Applying integrated watershed management in Nova Scotia: A community-based perspective from the clean Annapolis river project. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(2): 1–17.

Commodore, A., et. al. (2017). Community-based participatory research for the study of air pollution: A review of motivations, approaches, and outcomes. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 189(378): 1-30

Conrad, C.C. & Hilchey, K.G. (2011). A review of citizen science and community-based environmental monitoring: Issues and opportunities. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 176: 273–291

Daily Express (28 Feb 2020) Sabah has 227 squatter colonies, total population 153,188

De la Poterie AT, Baudoin M. (2015) From Yokohama to Sendai: approaches to participation in international disaster risk reduction frameworks. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science. 6(2): 128-39

Doksil, M. (2020). Move to gazette squatter colonies in Sabah as proper villages. Daily Express. February 29, 2020

Dollah, R. & Abdullah, K. (2018) The securitization of migrant workers in Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of International Migration & Integration. 19(3): 717–735.

Forrest, S. A., Trell, E.-M., & Woltjer, J. (2020). Emerging citizen contributions, roles and interactions with public authorities in Dutch pluvial flood risk management. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 1–23.

Homsy, G.C.; Liu, Z.L.; Warner, M.E. (2019) Multilevel governance: Framing the integration of top-down and bottom-up policymaking. International Journal of Public Administration. 42: 572–582.

Ismail, H. et. al. (2011). Sikap komuniti setinggan tebingan sungai: Pencemaran alam sekitar dan pengurusannya. Jurnal Perspektif, 3(1): 1-12

Jafar, A., Mapa, M.T. & Sakke, S. (2016). Impak aktiviti pembangunan terhadap trend kekerapan dan magnitud banjir di lembangan sungai Menggatal, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Kinabalu, 18: 97-116

Johnson, T. (2013) The politics of waste incineration in Beijing: The limits of a top-down approach? Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning. 15: 109–128.

Karaouzas, I. (2016). Agro-Industrial Wastewater Pollution in Greek River Ecosystems. In: Skoulikidis, N., Dimitriou, E., Karaouzas, I. (eds) The Rivers of Greece. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 59. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2016_453

Kayat, K. & Mohd. Nor, N.A. (2006). Penglibatan ahli komuniti dalam program pembangunan komuniti: Satu kajian ke atas program homestay di Kedah, Akademika. 67(1): 77-102

Kelman, I. & Mercer, J. (2014). A knowledge integration tool for disaster risk reduction including climate change. Dalam Lopez-Carresi, M., (eds.). Disaster management: International lessons in risk reduction, response and recovery, London: Earthscan

Kuek, J.N., Abdullah, Y.A., Hamdan, H. (2016) Eradicating Squatters through Resettlement Programme: A Conceptual Paper. MATEC Web of Conferences 66, 00023 DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/20166600023 https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2016/29/matecconf_ibcc2016_00023.pdf

Ladoni, A.M.H. (2009). The sources of pollution in the Likas and Inanam river basin in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Sosiohumanika, 2(1): 89-106.

Lau, E., Kabu, M., Lobang, S. (2019) Development of Community-Based Tourism Monbang Village – Alor, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Engineering, Science, and Commerce, ICESC 2019, 18-19 October 2019 https://eudl.eu/pdf/10.4108/eai.18-10-2019.2289941

MacQueen, K. M. et. al. (2001). What is community? An evidence-based definition for participatory public health. American Journal of Public Health, 91(12), 1929-1938

Marasini, M. & Chidi, C.L. (2021) Vulnerability Assessment of Squatter Settlement in Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL). 20(21): 47-58

Maskrey, A. (1989). Disaster mitigation: A community based approach. Oxfam: Oxford

McMillan, D.W & Chavis, D.M. (1986) Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology. 14(1): 6-23

Md Hashim, N. & Man, S. (2018). Tanggapan, kesedaran dan motivasi masyarakat terhadap penggunaan air hujan sebagai bekalan alternatif bandar. Geografia. 14(3): 37-52.

Miwil, O. (24 May 2023) Sabah DCM says gazetting squatter settlements the most realistic solution. New Straits Times. https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2023/05/912980/sabah-dcm-says-gazetting-squatter-settlements-most-realistic-solution

Mormont, M. (1996). Towards concerted river management in Belgium, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 39(1): 131-142

Mpofu, B. (2012) Perpetual ‘Outcasts’? Squatters in peri-urban Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Afrika Focus. 25(2): 45-63

Mullikin, T.S & Smith, N.S. (2002). Community participation in environmental protection. UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy, 21(1): 75-95

Musavengane, R., & Simatele, D. (2017) Significance of social capital in collaborative management of natural resources in Sub-Saharan African rural communities: a qualitative meta-analysis. South African Geographical Journal. 99(3): 267-282

Nayan, N, et. al. (2009). Perubahan gunatanah dan tahap kualiti air sungai di bandaraya Ipoh, Perak. Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management, 10(2): 115-134.

Neruda, M., Tichonova, I.V., & Kramer, D. (2012). Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Rivers Revitalization. Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, 3: 145-154

Ouyang, J.; Zhang, K.; Wen, B.; Lu, Y. (2020) Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Environmental Governance in China: Evidence from the River Chief System (RCS). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17: 7058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197058

Piper, J.M. (2005) Partnership and participation in planning and management of river corridors. Planning Practice and Research. 20(1): 1-22

Postel, S. & Richter, B. (2003) Managing water for people and nature. London: Island Press

Qin, H., Liao, T.F. (2016) The association between rural-urban migration flows and urban air quality in China. Regional Environmental Change. 16: 1375–1387 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0865-3

Rey-Mazón, P., Keysar, H., Dosemagen, S., D'Ignazio, C., Blair, D. (2018) Public Lab: Community-Based Approaches to Urban and Environmental Health and Justice. Science and Engineering Ethics. 24: 971-997

Rosenzweig, B. R., et. al. (2018). Pluvial flood risk and opportunities for resilience. WIREs Water, 5, e1302: 1-18

Saat, G. (2019). “Komuniti”, sebagai Konsep dan Metod dalam Penyelidikan Sains Sosial: Tafsiran Sosiologikal. Akademika. 89(3): 53-62

Saenchat, P., Udomkijmongkol, C., Swasthaisong, S., Phosing, P. (2019) Community-Based Natural Resource and Environmental Management in Songkram River Basin, Tha Kon Community, Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand. Asian Political Science Review, 3(1): 89-97

Samanta, S. (2013). Metal and pesticide pollution scenario in Ganga River system. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management. 16(4): 454–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2013.858587

Samsudin, N.A. & Iksan, Z.I.. (2015). Kesedaran alam sekitar melalui aplikasi kendiri alam sekitar (KAKAS). Jurnal Personalia. 18(2): 23-31

Sen, S. (2016) Community-Based Management Approaches: Towards Sustainable Biodiversity Conservation. The Beats of Natural Sciences. 3(2): 1-6 Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3633924

Shafiei Moghaddam P, Sohrabizadeh S, Jahangiri K, Hashemi Nazari S. (2023) Effective Community-Based Disaster Management Approaches for Promoting the Health of Disaster Affected Communities: A Systematic Review. Journal of Iranian Medical Council. 6(1): 4-17.

South, J., Bagnall, A-M.,Stansfield, J.A., Southby, K.J., Mehta, P. (2019) An evidence-based framework on community-centred approaches for health: England, UK. Health Promotion International, 34(2): 356–366, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dax083

Sten Hansen, H. and Mäenpää, M. (2008) An overview of the challenges for public participation in river basin management and planning. Management of Environmental Quality, 19(1): 67-84. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777830810840372

Suhaimi, S. (2021). Challenges of Public Participation: A Qualitative Study. South Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(5): 100–109. https://doi.org/10.48165/sajssh.2021.2507

Supriyanto, E., Saputra, J., Rachmawati, M., Nugroho, F. (2021) Community Participation-Based Smart City Development. Proceedings of the First Multidiscipline International Conference, MIC 2021, 30 October 2021, Jakarta, Indonesia https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-10-2021.2315776

Turnbull, J. (2002). Values in educating for citizenship: Sources, influences and assessment. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 10(1): 123–134.

UNESCO (2022) The United Nations World Water Development Report 2022: groundwater: making the invisible visible, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000380721

UNHCR. (2008). A Community-based Approach in UNHCR Operations. Geneva: UNHCR

United Nations (2019) Department of Economic and Social Affairs: Sustainable Development Goals: SDG17: Partnerships for the Goals, https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sdgbookclub/

Van Bibber, M. (1997). It takes a community. Canada: Medical Services Branch

Vidal, A.C. (1995) Reintegrating disadvantaged communities into the fabric of urban life: The role of community development. Housing Policy Debate. 6(1): 169-230

Walker, T.R., (2020) Enforcement Required to Control Sources of Ganges River Pollution (May 13, 2020). Available at SSRN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3599955

Wan Hassan, W.S. & Dollah, R.. (2007). Impak kehadiran pendatang Filipina di kampung Air di Sabah, Jurnal Kinabalu, 15: 89-114.

Wang, S., Gao, S., Li, S.,Feng, K. (2020) Strategizing the relation between urbanization and air pollution: Empirical evidence from global countries. Journal of Cleaner Production. 243: 118615 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118615

Weng, C.N. (2005). Sustainable management of rivers in Malaysia: Involving all stakeholders, International. Journal of River Basin Management, 3(3): 147–162.

Weng, C.N. (2012). Managing urban rivers and water quality in Malaysia for sustainable water resources. Water Resources Development, 28(2): 343–354

Wenger, E., & Snyder, W. M. (2000). Communities of practice: The organizational frontier. Harvard Business Review, 78: 139-145.

Wismer, S., & Mitchell, B. (2005). Community-based approaches to resource and environmental management. Environments, 33(1), https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A134857443/AONE?u=googlescholar&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=172b4ab3

Zhou, D. & Yang, X. (2014). From migrant workers to new urban migrants: A concept and an approach, The Anthropologist, 18(1): 53-63




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.77869

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 790 | views : 897

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2023 Ramli Dollah, Adi Jafar, Marsitah Mohd Radzi, Nordin Sakke, Mohammad Tahir Mapa, Amrullah Maraining

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)

ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)

Web
Analytics IJG STATISTIC