Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure Behavior of Gelcasted Porous Ceramics Using Cassava Starch as Pore Template

Suriati Eka Putri; Diana Eka Pratiwi; Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto; Nita Magfirah Ilyas; Dahlang Tahir; Abd Rahman; Heryanto Heryanto

doi:10.22146/ijc.78875

Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure Behavior of Gelcasted Porous Ceramics Using Cassava Starch as Pore Template

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.78875

Suriati Eka Putri⁽¹⁾, Diana Eka Pratiwi⁽²⁾, Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto⁽³⁾, Nita Magfirah Ilyas⁽⁴⁾, Dahlang Tahir⁽⁵⁾, Abd Rahman⁽⁶⁾, Heryanto Heryanto^(7*)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Jl. Daeng Tata, Makassar 90244, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Jl. Daeng Tata, Makassar 90244, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Jl. Daeng Tata, Makassar 90244, Indonesia
(5) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 20, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
(6) Inorganic Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Academic Belt Road, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
(7) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 20, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The gelcasting technique was employed to fabricate porous ceramics utilizing kaolinite clay as the base material with a combination of 20 wt.% cassava starch. The utilization of cassava starch as a pore-template material is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. The dry mixture compacted pellets underwent calcination for 2 h at three distinct sintering temperatures, namely 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. The present study investigated the impact of sintering temperatures on various ceramic properties, including but not limited to porosity, hardness, crystallinity, lattice strain, and morphology. Furthermore, an increase in sintering temperature led to a reduction in crystallinity of the ceramic material from 81.71 to 78.06%, while the lattice strain increased, as determined by the full width at half maximum peak diffraction calculation. The study determined that the pore size remained microporous (21 Å) across all temperature treatments. Ultimately, a porous ceramic material was fabricated, exhibiting a porosity of 39.44% by volume and a desirable hardness of 94 HB. The optimal sintering temperature for this material was found to be 900 °C. The anticipated application of the porous ceramic, which has taken on a pellet shape, is as a catalyst support for wastewater filtration in the future.

Keywords

cassava starch; kaolinite clay; sintering

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.78875