Antioxidant Activities and Identification of an Active Compound from Rambutan ( Nephelium lappaceum  L.) Peel

Mistriyani Mistriyani; Sugeng Riyanto; Anjar Windarsih; Abdul Rohman

doi:10.22146/ijc.50421

Antioxidant Activities and Identification of an Active Compound from Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Peel

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.50421

Mistriyani Mistriyani⁽¹⁾, Sugeng Riyanto⁽²⁾, Anjar Windarsih⁽³⁾, Abdul Rohman^(4*)

(1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University, Jl. Kampus Hijau Bumi Tridharma, Anduonou, Kendari 93132, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
(2) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Research Division for Natural Product Technology (BPTBA), Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
(4) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The consumption of rambutan fruit resulted in a vast amount of peels and seeds waste. Therefore, the exploration of active compounds having beneficial effects on human health, such as antioxidants, is very lucrative. This research was aimed to isolate and to identify the active compound as an antioxidant from rambutan peel. The powdered rambutan peel was extracted with a maceration technique using methanol then fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate to get the corresponding fractions. The extract and fractions were determined for its antioxidant activities in vitro using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and metal-chelating assay. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antiradical activity with an IC₅₀ value of 26.22 μg/mL and metal-chelating activity, accounting for 12.32%. The antioxidant activities of extract and fractions correlated with its phenolics and flavonoid contents. Identification of active compounds using FTIR, GC-MS, and NMR resulted in the chemical formula of C₇H₆O₄, identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

Keywords

rambutan peel; DPPH; metal-chelating; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.50421