Bioleaching Ability of Fungi Isolated from an Indonesian Sulfurous River Sediment

Serafica Btari Christiyani Kusumaningrum; I Wayan Warmada; Wahyu Wilopo; Endah Retnaningrum

doi:10.22146/ijc.44810

Bioleaching Ability of Fungi Isolated from an Indonesian Sulfurous River Sediment

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44810

Serafica Btari Christiyani Kusumaningrum⁽¹⁾, I Wayan Warmada⁽²⁾, Wahyu Wilopo⁽³⁾, Endah Retnaningrum^(4*)

(1) Graduate Student of Biology Faculty, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(2) Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(4) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The unique characteristics of sulfurous river sediment located in Ungaran, Indonesia, are a reservoir of novel fungi with manganese bioleaching properties. Fungi are known to produce metabolic organic acids that have a potential for the industrial application of leaching metal from the ores. This application has high advantages, including low cost, low energy, and creates minimal environmental damage. Therefore, this research was performed to analyze the manganese bioleaching activities of two fungal isolates (KA2B2 and KB4B) from Indonesian sulfurous river sediment on pyrolusite and determine their phenotypic characters. These activities were investigated in terms of changes in fungal biomass, soluble manganese concentration, pH reduction, and organic acid production during 16 days of leaching. Soluble manganese concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), whereas organic acid concentrations were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). According to bioleaching investigations, KA2B2 strain was more efficient than KB4B1 strain in extracting manganese from 0.02 g/cm³ pyrolusite. It also produced higher levels of organic acids, such as oxalic acid and citric acid, than KB4B1 strain, proving that strain of KA2B2 could be used to extract manganese from pyrolusite. Based on the phenotypic characters, both strains were identified as genus Penicillium.

Keywords

pyrolusite; soluble manganese; oxalic acid; citric acid

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44810