Cobalt Oxide-Modified Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Photocatalyst for Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.22624

Leny Yuliati(1*), Nur Azmina Roslan(2), Wai Ruu Siah(3), Hendrik Oktendy Lintang(4)

(1) Ma Chung Research Center for Photosynthetic Pigments, Universitas Ma Chung, Malang 65151, East Java
(2) Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor
(3) Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor
(4) Ma Chung Research Center for Photosynthetic Pigments, Universitas Ma Chung, Malang 65151, East Java
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been recognized as a possibly carcinogenic compound to human, therefore, 2,4-D should be treated before it is discharged to the environment. Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D has been proposed as one of the best methods that offer environmentally safe process. In the present research, titanium dioxide (TiO2) was modified with cobalt oxide (CoO) and tested for photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D under UV light irradiation. Different amounts of CoO (0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 mol%) were added onto TiO2 by an impregnation method. The photocatalytic reaction was monitored and analyzed by measurement of 2,4-D absorbance using UV spectrophotometer. After 1 h photocatalytic reaction, it was confirmed that the sample with low loading of 0.1 mol% gave the highest photocatalytic activity among the bare and modified TiO2 photocatalysts. The photocatalytic activity was decreased with the increase of CoO loading, suggesting that the optimum amount of CoO was an important factor to improve the performance of TiO2. Based on fluorescence spectroscopy, such addition of CoO resulted in the reduced emission intensity, which showed the successful decrease in the electron-hole recombination.

Keywords


2,4-D herbicide; UV light; titanium dioxide; cobalt oxide; photocatalyst

Full Text:

Full Text PDF


References

[1] Burns, C.J., and Swaen, G.M.H., 2012, Review of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) biomonitoring and epidemiology, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 42 (9), 768–786.

[2] Vega, A.A., Imoberdorf, G.E., and Mohseni, M., 2011, Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in a fluidized bed photoreactor with composite template-free TiO2 photocatalyst, Appl. Catal., A, 405 (1-2), 120–128.

[3] Liu, X., Tang, Y., Luo, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Chen, Y., and Liu, C., 2013, Reduced graphene oxide and CuInS2 co-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays for efficient removal of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from water, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 262, 22–27.

[4] Tang, Y., Luo, S., Teng, Y., Liu, C., Xu, X., Zhang, X., and Chen, L., 2012, Efficient removal of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from water using Ag/reduced graphene oxide co-decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays, J. Hazard. Mater., 241-242, 323–330.

[5] Roslan, N.A., Lintang, H.O., and Yuliati, L., 2015, Enhanced photocatalytic performance of copper-modified titanium dioxide prepared by UV reduction method, Adv. Mater. Res., 1112, 180–183.

[6] Siah, W.R., Lintang, H.O., Shamsuddin, M., Yoshida, H., and Yuliati, L., 2016, Masking effect of copper oxide photodeposited on titanium dioxide: exploring UV, visible, and solar light activity, Catal. Sci. Technol., 6 (13), 5079–5087.

[7] Yuliati, L., Siah, W.R., Roslan, N.A., Shamsuddin, M., and Lintang, H.O., 2016, Modification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with copper oxide co-catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, MJAS, 20 (1), 171–178.

[8] Lee, S.C., Hasan, N., Lintang, H.O., Shamsuddin, M., and Yuliati, L., 2016, Photocatalytic removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide on copper oxide/titanium dioxide prepared by co-precipitation method, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 107, 012012.

[9] Siah, W.R., Roslan, N.A., Lintang, H.O., Shamsuddin, M., and Yuliati, L., 2015, Photocatalytic removal of 2,4-D herbicide on lanthanum oxide-modified titanium dioxide, Adv. Mater. Res., 1112, 168–171.

[10] Siah, W.R., Lintang, H.O., and Yuliati, L., 2017, Role of lanthanum species in improving the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide, Catal. Sci. Technol., 7, 159–167.

[11] Lee, S.C., Lintang, H.O., and Yuliati, L., 2017, High photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites prepared by photodeposition for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Beilstein J. Nanotechnol., 8, 915–926.

[12] Lee, H., Park, S.H., Park Y.K., Kim, S.J., Seo, S.G., Ki, S.J., and Jung, S.C., 2015, Photocatalytic reactions of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using a microwave-assisted photocatalysis system, Chem. Eng. J., 278, 259–264.

[13] Nejati, K., Davary, S., and Saati, M., 2013, Study of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) removal by Cu-Fe-layered double hydroxide from aqueous solution, Appl. Surf. Sci., 280, 67–73.

[14] Pei, C.C., and Chu, W., 2013, The photocatalytic degradation and modeling of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by bismuth tungstate/peroxide, Chem. Eng. J., 223, 665–669.

[15] Malato, S., Fernández-Ibáñez, P., Maldonado, M.I., Blanco, J., and Gernjak, W., 2009, Decontamination and disinfection of water by solar photocatalysis: Recent overview and trends, Catal. Today, 147 (1), 1–59.

[16] Chong, M.N., Jin, B., Chow, C.W.K., and Saint, C., 2010, Recent developments in photocatalytic water treatment technology: A review, Water Res., 44 (10), 2997–3027.

[17] Teh, C.M., and Mohamed, A.R., 2011, Roles of titanium dioxide and ion-doped titanium dioxide on photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants (phenolic compounds and dyes) in aqueous solutions: A review, J. Alloys Compd., 509 (5), 1648–1660.

[18] Fajriati, I., Mudasir, and Wahyuni, E.T., 2014, Photocatalytic decolorization study of methyl orange by TiO2-chitosan nanocomposites, Indones. J. Chem., 14 (3), 209–218.

[19] Gracien, E.B., Shen, J., Sun, X., Liu, D., Li, M., Yao, S., and Su, J., 2007, Photocatalytic activity of manganese, chromium and cobalt-doped anatase titanium dioxide nanoporous electrodes produced by re-anodization method, Thin Solid Films, 515 (13), 5287–5297.

[20] Sadanandam, G., Lalitha, K., Kumari, V.D., Shankar, M.V., and Subrahmanyam, M., 2013, Cobalt doped TiO2: A stable and efficient photocatalyst for continuous hydrogen production from glycerol: Water mixtures under solar light irradiation, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38 (23), 9655–9664.

[21] Tatlıdil, I., Bacaksız, E., Buruk, C.K., Breen, C., and Sökmen, M., 2012, A short literature survey on iron and cobalt ion doped TiO2 thin films and photocatalytic activity of these films against fungi, J. Alloys Compd., 517, 80–86.

[22] Castro, A.L., Nunes, M.R., Carvalho, M.D., Ferreira, L.P., Jumas, J.C., Costa, F.M., and Florȇncio. M.H., 2009, Doped titanium dioxide nanocrystalline powders with high photocatalytic activity, J. Solid State Chem., 182 (7), 1838–1845.

[23] Bouras, P., Stathatos, E., and Lianos, P., 2007, Pure versus metal-ion-doped nanocrystalline titania for photocatalysis, Appl. Catal., B, 73 (1-2), 51–59.

[24] Liu, J., Zhao, Z., Wang, J., Xu, C., Duan, A., Jang, G., and Yang, Q., 2008, The highly active catalysts of nanometric CeO2-supported cobalt oxides for soot combustion, Appl. Catal., B, 84 (1-2), 185–195.

[25] Li, D., Haneda, H., Hishita, S., and Ohashi, N., 2005, Visible-light-driven N-F-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts. 2. Optical characterization, photocatalysis, and potential application to air purification, Chem. Mater., 17 (10), 2596–2602.

[26] Zhang, J., Hu, Y. Matsuoka, M., Yamashita, H. Minagawa, M., Hidaka, H., and Anpo, M., 2001, Relationship between the local structures of titanium oxide photocatalysts and their reactivities in the decomposition of NO, J. Phys. Chem. B, 105 (35), 8395–8398.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.22624

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 5247 | views : 2582


Copyright (c) 2017 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 


Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Web
Analytics View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.