Pelatihan Strategi Koping Fokus Emosi untuk Menurunkan Stres Akademik pada Mahasiswa

F. Octaffia Mahardhani, Anggitya Nur Ramadhani, Rizky Melyn Isnanti, Tri Nur Chasanah, Ardian Praptomojati
(Submitted 5 April 2020)
(Published 22 May 2020)

Abstract


Stres akademik menjadi permasalahan yang banyak terjadi pada mahasiswa. Berbagai penyesuaian yang harus dihadapinya dalam peran dan lingkungan barunya tersebut kerapkali menjadi stressor tersendiri, terlebih bagi mahasiswa yang tidak memiliki kemampuan koping yang adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh program pelatihan strategi koping fokus emosi untuk menurunkan tingkat stres akademik pada mahasiswa. Desain studi menggunakan metode eksperimen quasi dengan one group pretest–posttest design. Subjek dalam penelitian berjumlah 16 mahasiswa (M=19,81 tahun; SD=0,911) dari salah satu perguruan tinggi di Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan meliputi Skala Koping Fokus Emosi dan Skala Stres Akademik. Analisis statistik paired sample t-test menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan strategi koping fokus emosi terbukti dapat menurunkan stres akademik pada mahasiswa dengan t(15)=2,149; p=0,048 (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai referensi intervensi bagi program kesehatan mental di perguruan tinggi.

Keywords


mahasiswa; pelatihan strategi koping fokus emosi; stres akademik

Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.22146/gamajpp.55253

References


Ababu, G. B., Yigzaw, A. B., Besene, Y. D., & Alemu, W. G. (2018). Prevalence of adjustment problem and its predictors among first-year undergraduate students in Ethiopian university: A cross-sectional institution based study. Psychiatry Journal, 1–7. doi: 10.1155/2018/5919743

Aderi, M., Jdaitawi, M., Ishak, N. A., & Jdaitawi, F. (2013). The influence of demographic variables on university students ’ adjustment in North Jordan. International Education Studies, 6(2), 172–178. doi: 10.5539/ies.v6n2p172

Aini, N. (2017). Identifying the sources of academic stress and coping strategies in new nursing students. In Advances in Health Sciences Research (Vol. 2, pp. 73–81). doi: 10.2991/hsic-17.2017.11

Al-Dubai, S. A. R., Al-Naggar, R. A., Alshagga, M. A., & Rampal, K. G. (2011). Stress and coping strategies of students in a medical faculty in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(3), 57–64.

Atwater, E. (1983). Psychology of adjustment: Personal growth in a change world (Edisi kedua). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Auerbach, R. P., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Benjet, C., Cuijpers, P., … WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators. (2018). WHO world mental health surveys international college student project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(7), 623–638. doi: 10.1037/abn0000362

Bamuhair, S. S., Farhan, A. I. Al, Althubaiti, A., Agha, S., Rahman, S. ur, & Ibrahim, N. O. (2015). Sources of stress and coping strategies among undergraduate medical students enrolled in a problem-based learning curriculum. Journal of Biomedical Education, 1–8. doi: 10.1155/2015/575139

Beiter, R., Nash, R., McCrady, M., Rhoades, D., Linscomb, M., Clarahan, M., & Sammut, S. (2015). The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. Journal of Affective Disorders, 173, 90–96. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054

Ben-Zur, H. (2017). Emotion-focused coping. In T. K. S. Virgil Zeigler-Hill (Ed.), Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. New York: Springer.

Chou, P. C., Chao, Y. M. Y., Yang, H. J., Yeh, G. L., & Lee, T. S. H. (2011). Relationships between stress, coping and depressive symptoms among overseas university preparatory Chinese students: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 11(352), 1–7. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-352

Copeland, W. E., & Shanahan, L. (2009). Which childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders predict which young adult disorders? Arch Gen Psychiatry, 66(7), 764–772. doi: doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.85

Eisenberg, D., Gollust, S. E., Golberstein, E., & Hefner, J. L. (2007). Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77(4), 534–542. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.77.4.534

Endler, N. S., & Parker, J. D. A. (1990). Multidimensional assessment of coping: A critical evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(5), 844–854. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.58.5.844

Endler, N. S., & Parker, J. D. A. (1994). Assessment of multidimensional coping: Task, emotion, and avoidance strategies. Psychological Assessment, 6(1), 50–60. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.6.1.50

Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., & Butcher, J. N. (1993). A factor analytic study of coping styles and the MMPI‐2 content scales. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(4), 523–527. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(199307)49:4<523::AID-JCLP2270490409>3.0.CO;2-M

Folkman, S., & Lazaus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a collage examination. Personality and Social Psycology, 48(1), 150–170. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.48.1.150

Greenberg, L. S. (2004). Emotion-focused therapy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 11, 3–16. doi: 10.1002/cpp.388

Gustems-Carnicer, J., Calderón, C., & Calderón-Garrido, D. (2019). Stress, coping strategies and academic achievement in teacher education students. European Journal of Teacher Education, 42(3), 375–390. doi: 10.1080/02619768.2019.1576629

Hussain, A., Kumar, A., & Husain, A. (2008). Academic stress and adjustment among high school students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 34, 70–73.

Juth, V., Dickerson, S. S., Zoccola, P. M., & Lam, S. (2015). Understanding the utility of emotional approach coping: Evidence from a laboratory stressor and daily life. Anxiety Stress Coping, 28(1), 50–70. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2014.921912

Khan, M. J., Altaf, S., & Kausar, H. (2013). Effect of perceived academic stress on students’ performance. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2), 146–151.

Kumaraswamy, N. (2013). Academic stress, anxiety and depression among college students - A brief review. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1), 135–143.

Lazarus, R. S. (1976). Patterns of adjustment (Edisi ketiga). Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Kogakusha.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.

Maulana, Z. F., Soleha, T. U., Saftarina, F., & Siagian, J. (2014). Perbedaan tingkat stres antara mahasiswa tahun pertama dan tahun kedua di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. Medical Journal of Lampung University, 3(4), 154–162.

Misra, R., & McKean, M. (2000). College students’ academic stress and its relation to their anxiety, time management, and leisure satisfaction. American Journal of Health Studies, 16(1), 41–51.

Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., & Greene, B. (2014). Abnormal psychology in a changing world (Edisi kesembilan). Boston: Pearson.

Nugraheni, A. K. (2012). Stres akademik dan kesejahteraan subjektif pada mahasiswa tingkat pertama dan mahasiswa tingkat akhir (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Yogyakarta: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Park, S. H., & Kim, Y. (2018). Ways of coping with excessive academic stress among Korean adolescents during leisure time. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 13(1). doi: 10.1080/17482631.2018.1505397

Pascoe, M. C., Hetrick, S. E., & Parker, A. G. (2020). The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 104–112. doi: 10.1080/02673843.2019.1596823

Passer, M. W., & Smith, R. E. (2007). Psychology: The science of mind and behavior (Edisi ketiga). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Refi. (2019). Hubungan antara emotion focused coping dan dukungan sosial dengan stres akademik siswa SMA “X” Yogyakarta. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Magister Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (hal. 263–272). Yogyakarta: Universitas Ahmad Dahlan.

Rembulan, C. L. (2009). Penguatan resiliensi dengan pelatihan strategi koping fokus emosi pada remaja putri yang tinggal di panti asuhan (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Yogyakarta: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Santrock, J. W. (2016). A topical approach to life-span development (Edisi kedelapan). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Sapranaviciute, L., Padaiga, Z., & Pauzienė, N. (2013). The stress coping strategies and depressive symptoms in international students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 827–831. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.655

Sari, E. N. M. (2019). Hubungan antara emotion focused coping dan kepuasan hidup pada mahasiswa. Cognicia, 7(1), 95–111.

Sarros, J. C., & Densten, I. L. (1989). Undergraduate student stress and coping strategies. Higher Education Research & Development, 8(1), 47–57. doi: 10.1080/0729436890080105

Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Shirom, A. (1986). Students’ stress. Higher Education, 15, 667–676. doi: 10.1007/BF00141403

Stanton, A. L., Danoff-Burg, S., Cameron, C. L., Bishop, M., Collins, C. A., Kirk, S. B., … Twillman, R. (2000). Emotionally expressive coping predicts psychological and physical adjustment to breast cancer. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(5), 875–882. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.68.5.875

Taylor, S. E. (1995). Health psychology (Edisi ketiga). New York: McGraw Hill.

Thurber, C. A., & Walton, E. A. (2012). Homesickness and adjustment in university students. Journal of American College Health, 60(5), 415–419. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2012.673520

Tran, A. G. T. T., Lam, C. K., & Legg, E. (2018). Financial stress, social supports, gender, and anxiety during college: A stress-buffering perspective. The Counseling Psychologist, 46(7), 846–869. doi: 10.1177/0011000018806687

Wilks, S. E. (2008). Resilience amid academic stress: The moderating impact of social support among social work students. Advances in Social Work, 9(2), 106–125. doi: 10.18060/51

World Health Organization. (2004). Prevention of mental disorders : effective interventions and policy options : summary report / a report of the World Health Organization Dept. of Mental Health and Substance Abuse ; in collaboration with the Prevention Research Centre of the Universities . World Health Organization. Geneva. Diakses melalui https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43027

Yovita, M., & Asih, S. R. (2017). The effects of academic stress and optimism on subjective well-being among first-year undergraduates. In A. A. Ariyanto, H. Muluk, P. Newcombe, F. P. Piercy, E. K. Poerwandari, & S. H. R. Suradijono (Eds.), Diversity in Unity: Perspectives from Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (hal. 559–563). London: Taylor & Francis Group.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.