Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Pavement Derived from Palm Oil Eco Processed Pozzolan (EPP) Material as Partial Cement Replacement

https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.60230

Nurul Farhanah Mohd Kusaimi(1), Fazlena Hamzah(2*), Junaidah Jai(3), Nurul Asyikin Md Zaki(4), Norliza Ibrahim(5)

(1) Biocatalysis and Biobased Material Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
(2) Biocatalysis and Biobased Material Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
(3) Biocatalysis and Biobased Material Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
(4) Biocatalysis and Biobased Material Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
(5) Biocatalysis and Biobased Material Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Eco Processed Pozzolan (EPP) is derived from Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) by the calcination process via heat treatment in the palm oil refining industry. EPP can be used as a partial replacement of cement as it contains a high amount of silica and has pozzolanic properties. Besides its properties, the sustainable production of EPP in the palm oil industry, abundantly available, and cheaper raw material have opened an opportunity to explore it as a cement substitute in pavement industries. This research aimed to study the properties of pozzolanic EPP and discover its potential as a partial substitute of cement in the pavement block's development. The compressive strength and water absorption of the formulated pavement block using EPP were analyzed in this study. Two sets of paving blocks were developed, namely, Set A, EPP was added as a partial replacement of the cement in pavement formulation at 20% - 90%, while in Set B, integration of EPP and Fly Ash (FA) was used as a partial replacement of the cement. The results indicated that the maximum addition of EPP into pavement formulation was 20%. The increment of EPP as a cement substitute in a formulation of more than 20% has reduced the compressive strength and increased the water absorption of the pavement. Simultaneously, the addition of FA and EPP in the formulation of hybrid pavement in Set B shows that the addition of FA has improved the compressive strength of the pavement and less water absorption was detected. The pavement’s highest compressive strength by addition of FA was 36MPa at the EPP was added of 15 – 20%. The study indicated that EPP could be used as a partial substitute of the cement, but addition of FA might require to improve pavement compressive strength.


Keywords


Cement; Eco Processed Pozzolan; Pavement; Strength; Water Absorption

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Ganjian, E., Jalull, G., and Sadeghi-Pouya, H. (2015). ‘’Reducing cement contents of paving blocks by using mineral waste and by-product materials’’, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 27(1), 1–12.
  2. Hamada, H.M., Jokhio, G.A., Yahaya, F.M., and Humada, A.M., Gul, Y. (2018). ‘’The present state of the use of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in concrete’’, Constr. Build. Mater., 175, 26–40.
  3. Rathi, V. R. and Modhera, C. D. (2007). ‘’An overview on the Influence of Nano Materials on Properties of Concrete’’, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO Certified Organization), 3297(2), 17–24.
  4. Goud, V. and Soni, N. (2016). ‘’Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash in Concrete and Its Effect’’, IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN), 06(10), 2–69.
  5. Wangrakdiskul, U., Khonkaew, P., and Wongchareonsin, T. (2015). ‘’Use of the Spent Bleaching Earth from Palm Oil Industry in Non-Fired Wall Tiles’’, The International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, 3(2), 15–24.
  6. The contructor – Civil Engineering Home. Retrieved at https://theconstructor.org/concrete/ordinary-portland-cement/23181/ (24 November 2020)
  7. Abd Rahman, R.F., Asrah, H., Rizalman, A.N., Mirasa, A.K., and Rajak, M.A.A. (2020). ‘’Study of Eco-Processed Pozzolan Characterization as Partial Replacement of Cement’’, J. Environ. Treat. Tech., 8(3), 967-970.
  8. Antiohos, S.K. and Tsimas, S. (2005). ‘’Investigating the role of reactive silica in the hydration mechanisms of high-calcium fly ash/cement systems’’, Cem. Concr. Compos., 27, 171–181.
  9. Olonade, K. A., Jaji, M. B., and Adekitan, O. A. (2017). ‘’Experimental comparison of selected pozzolanic materials’’, African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 9(4), 381–385.
  10. Velumani, P. and Senthilkumar, S. (2018). ‘’Production of sludge-incorporated paver blocks for efficient waste management’’, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 68(6), 626–636.
  11. Akbar, H., Krishan, G., Prajapati, S.D., and Saini, R. (2016). ‘’Determination of Reactive Silica (SiO2) of Fly Ash’’, Rasayan J. Chem., 9, 27 - 30.
  12. Wankhede, P.R., and Fulari V.A. (2014). ‘’Effect of Fly ASH on Properties of Concrete’’, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4, 284 – 289.
  13. Devu, K. and Sreerath, S. (2019). ‘’Experimental Investigation on Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash and Glass Powder’’, In National Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Management, Proceedings of SECON'19, 73-82.
  14. Islam, M.S., Elahi, T.E., Shahriar, A.R., and Mumtaz, N. (2020). ‘‘Effectiveness of fly ash and cement for compressed stabilized earth block construction’’, Constr. Build. Mater., 255, 119392.
  15. Gu, K. and Chen, B. (2020). ‘’Loess stabilization using cement, waste phosphogypsum, fly ash and quicklime for self-compacting rammed earth construction’’, Constr. Build. Mater., 231, 117195.
  16. Duan, X.L. and Zhang, J.S. (2019). ‘’Mechanical properties, failure mode, and microstructure of soil-cement modified with fly ash and polypropylene fiber’’, Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 9561794, 1-13.
  17. Fujiura, Y. (1988). ‘’Water Absorption’’, en’i Gakkaishi, 44(9), 350–351.
  18. Zhang, S.P. and Zong, L. (2014). ‘’Evaluation of Relationship between Water Absorption and Durability of Concrete Materials’’ Adv. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 650373, 1-8.
  19. Schutter, G.D. and Audenaert, K. (2004). ‘’Evaluation of water absorption of concrete as a measure for resistance against carbonation and chloride migration,” Materials and Structures, 37, 591–596.
  20. Ramli, M. and Tabassi, A.A. (2012). “Effects of polymer modification on the permeability of cement mortars under different curing conditions: a correlational study that includes pore distributions, water absorption and compressive strength,” Constr. Build. Mater., 28(1), 561–570.
  21. Shafiq, N. and Cabrera, J. G. (2004). “Effects of initial curing condition on the fluid transport properties in OPC and fly ash blended cement concrete,” Cem. Concr. Compos., 26(4), 381–387.
  22. Jiang, C., Guo, W., Chen, H., Zhu, Y., Jin, C. (2018). ‘’Effect of filler type and content on mechanical properties and microstructure of sand concrete made with superfine waste sand’’, Constr. Build. Mater., 192, 442–449.
  23. Pathak, A. (2020). ‘’Effect of Silica Fume and Fly Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement on Strength of Concrete’’, International Conference of Advance Research and Innovation (ICARI-2020), 167-170.
  24. Aparna, S., Sathyan, D., and Anand, K.B. (2018). ‘’Microstructural and rate of water absorption study on fly-ash incorporated cement mortar’’, Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 23692–23701.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.60230

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3434 | views : 3210

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering  (print ISSN 1655-4418; online ISSN 2655-5409) is published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada.