Characteristics of Flame Shapes and Map For LPG and Hydrogen Inverse Confined Diffusion Flames at High Level of Fuel Excess

https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49750

Yazid Bindar(1*), Anton Irawan(2)

(1) Research Group on Energy and Processing System of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program Study, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
(2) Departement of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Serang, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


A combustion flame can be generated by locating the air jet supply inside the fuel jet supply. This flame is referred as an inverse diffusion flame. The size and structure of inverse diffusion flame were studied experimentally. The experiment was conducted for LPG and Hydrogen fuels. The inlet fuel and air flow rates are supplied at high level of fuel excess for its combustion reaction. These two fuels generated the flame shape having two parts. At lower part, the flame is wider and serves as a base of the flame. The upper part is longer and acts as a flame tower. The base flame was a weak flame resulted by a rich fuel-air mixture. The tower flame is formed by mixing between the entrained fuel and the air. The flame length decreases with the increase on the momentum ration between fuel and air. The flame height correlates to the fuel and air Reynold number ratio, Refu/Rea. The development of the flame shapes from continues to strong base-tower flame shape is mapped by air and fuel inlet momentum rate. Very low fuel and air momentum rates result laminar flame and continuous shapes. The turbulent flames having base-tower shape are formed at high air momentum rate. The oxygen profiles shows that the oxygen concentration decays from the burner tip, vanishes at some distance from the burner tip and increase again after this distance. The hydrogen is completely consumed before the flame tip is reached

Keywords


Flame, Inverse, Diffusion, Laminar, Structures, Shape

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Arthur, J.R., Commins, B.T., Gilbert, J.A.S., Lindsey, A.J., and Napier, D.H. (1958). Formation of polycyclic hydrocarbons in diffusion flames, Combustion and Flames, Vol. 2, pp. 267.
  2. Becker, H.A., and Liang, D. (1978).Visible length of vertical free turbulent diffusion flames, Combustion and Flame, Vol.32, pp. 115.
  3. Fleck, B.(1998). Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Novel Low-NOx Industrial Burner, Ph.D. Thesis, Queen's University,.
  4. Grandmaison, E.W., Yimer, I., Sobiesiak, A. and Becker, H.A., "The Strong-Jet/Weak-Jet Problem and Aerodynamic Modelling of the CGRI Burner", Combustion and Flame, 104, pp. 381,1998.
  5. Kang, K.T., Hwang, J.Y., Chung, S.H., and Lee, W. (1997).Soot zone structure and sooting limit in diffusion flames: Comparison of counterflow and co-flow flames, Combustion and Flames, Vol. 109, pp. 266.
  6. Kuo, K.K. (2005). Principle of Combustion, Jhon Willey & Sons, Haboboken, New Jersey, USA
  7. Makel, D.B., and Kennedy, I.M. (1994).Soot Formation in Laminar Inverse Flame Diffusion, Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 97, pp. 303.
  8. Partridge, W.P., Reisel, J.R., and Laurendeau, N.M.(1999). Laser-saturated Fluoresence Measurement of Nitrix-Oxide in an Inverse Flame Diffusion, Combustion and Flames, Vol. 116, pp. 282.
  9. Sidobotham, G.W., and Glasman, I. (1992).Flame Temperature, Fuel Structure, and Fuel Concentration Effects on Soot Formation in Inverse Diffusion Flames, Combustion and Flames, Vol. 90, pp. 269.
  10. Wu, K.T., and Essenhigh, R.H., Mapping and structure of inverse diffusion flames of methane, Twentieth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1925, 1985.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49750

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1861 | views : 1898

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering  (print ISSN 1655-4418; online ISSN 2655-5409) is published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada.